State Skills Test Review Desktop Publishing II State Skills Test Review

Why preplan a desktop publishing document? The Planning Stage Why preplan a desktop publishing document? Define purpose Keep focus on the purpose Achieve the desired outcome for clients A written plan is a good basis for discussing with the client what they need and how best to achieve their purpose.

What does the plan need to include? Planning for… Audience Purpose Budget Page Arrangement Production Method “A good plan is like a road map: it shows the final destination and usually the best way to get there.” H. Stanely Judd Why are we doing this, again? Who is your audience? Can you define them? – Age groups, Reading level, Education Level Purpose, Why are we doing this? Budget, What costs are involved? – Printer, Sale Price, Material Costs Page Arrangement, sequence of events, what comes first? Create a ladder Production method, how will this be delivered? Print, Web, Social Media

Setting up your document It’s called layout Guides a structure or marking that directs the motion or positioning of something. Grids a network of lines that cross each other to form a series of squares or rectangles. Columns a vertical division of a page or text. Why bother with it? CONSISTENCY

Setting up your document A Master Page is a nonprinting page that you can use as the template for the rest of the pages in your document. Advantages They allow you to centralize the common functionality of your pages so that you can make updates in just one place. Can contain text and graphic elements that will appear on all pages of a publication (i.e. headers, footers, page numbers, etc.)  They give you control over the layout of the final page by allowing you to control how the placeholder controls are rendered.

Setting up your document Headers You can have appropriate headers at the top of every page Titles Page numbers Chapter If the header text changes depending on the section or left-hand/right-hand page, it is called a "running head." Footers Used to place information such as: Footnotes References citations Headers or footers can usually include page numbers.

Setting up your document Slug Space usually non-printing Information such as a title and date used to identify a document. usually near the bottom of the document.  Space outside the printed area that can hold instructions that should stay with your document.

Typography may be defined as the theory and practice of letter and typeface design. In other words, it is an art concerned with design elements that can be applied to the letters and text (as opposed to, say, images, tables, or other visual enhancements) on a printed page.

Typography All type begins on an imaginary horizontal line on which the bottom of all uppercase characters and the base of all lowercase characters fall or rest. This is the BASELINE Lowercase letters have a set height for each letter. This is measured by the lowercase letter x. X‐height: The height of the body of all lowercase letters such as the letter x in a typeface. All the lowercase characters in a typeface are designed to be no taller than the x‐height. Lowercase letters have: Ascenders: The lowercase letter that extends above the x‐height as in the characters b, d, f, h, k, and l. Descenders: The lowercase letters that fall below the baseline, as in characters g, j, p, and q.

Typography Font: categories of text such as Arial, Garamond, Script, and Franklin Font family: Fonts are grouped into families and given a name such as Arial, Garamond, Comic, and Times. Pica: Traditional typographic measurement of 12 points or 1/6 of an inch. Point: The basic measurement system used to measure the size of type. There are 72 points to an inch.

Typography Type Style: Styles are applied to a font, ie: bold, italics, and book/heavy. Typeface: A style that has been applied to a font. When styles are applied to a font it becomes a typeface. i.e: “arial black”, “arial narrow”, “arial rounded MT bold” Sans Serif: A typeface that is straight‐edged; e.g. Arial. Serif: A typeface with lines on curves extending from the ends of the letters. Times New Roman; e.g. Times. Reverse type: White or light‐colored text that appears against a darker background. Leaders: Dots, dashes or characters that proceed text or an align tab setting.

Typography Kerning: The process of “fine‐tuning” spacing by adjusting the space between characters. Tracking: A feature that enables you to adjust the relative space between characters for ALL selected text. Leading: The vertical distance between the baselines of type.

Typography

Typography Fonts can be used in documents to create a specific mood. There are five treatments that effect typography Font Face Size Color Weight Placement

Typography Changing the typeface (font), size, color, weight, and placement of type in your design can add extra emphasis to your words and enhance the visual appeal of your message. Which one of the “anger words” would best describe the feeling of anger?

Typography Style Sheets By definition: A master page layout used in document creation systems such as word processing, desktop publishing and the Web. The style sheet is a file that is used to store margins, tabs, fonts, headers, footers and other layout settings for a particular category of document. One of the main benefits of style sheets is to ensure visual continuity. Productivity and the ability to meet deadlines is also enhanced by the use of style sheets No matter where you turn in a magazine or a newspaper, the text and basic layout will look the same. 

Typography The process of connecting text among frames is called threading text. The text in a frame can be independent of other frames, or it can flow between connected frames. To flow text between connected frames (also called text boxes), you must first connect the frames. Connected frames can be on the same page or spread, or on another page in the document.

Typography Captions Pull Quote By definition: By definition: A brief, attention-catching quotation, typically in a distinctive typeface, taken from the main text of an article and used as a subheading or graphic feature. Captions By definition: A title or brief explanation appended to an article, illustration, cartoon, or poster.

Typography Em Dash Examples: show an abrupt change in thought or be used where a full stop (period) is too strong and a comma too weak Examples: You are the friend—the only friend—who offered to help me. I pay the bills—she has all the fun.

Typography En Dash Examples: An en dash, just one dash when typed, is used for periods of time when you might otherwise use to En Dash The years 2001–2003     January–June Examples:

Typography Widows Orphans Occur when the last line of a paragraph flows so that it stands alone in a different column or page from the rest of the paragraph. Orphans Occur when the first line of a paragraph is separated from the rest of the paragraph, which appears in a different column or on a different page.

Color Color Wheel: a visual arrangement of colors in a circle that is similar to the spectrum of light.

Color A spot color is a special premixed ink that is used and that requires its own printing plate on a printing press.  Use spot color when few colors are specified and color accuracy is critical. Spot color inks can accurately reproduce colors that are outside the gamut of process colors. The exact appearance of the printed spot color is determined by the combination of the ink as mixed by the commercial printer and the paper it’s printed on, not by color values you specify or by color management. 

Color A process color is printed using a combination of the four standard process inks: cyan, magenta, yellow, and black (CMYK). Use process colors when a job requires so many colors that using individual spot inks would be expensive or impractical, as when printing color photographs. The final color values of a process color are its values in CMYK, so if you specify a process color using RGB, those color values will be converted to CMYK when you print color separations. These conversions differ based on your color-management settings and document profile.

Color Fill: Tint Patterns Gradients Opacity adding white to pure color Designers learn how to weave complexity out of elementary structures. These two basic structures, dots and stripes, interact to form grids. As a grid takes shape, it subverts the identity of the separate elements in favor of a larger texture. Gradients Gradient refers to a function in graphic software permitting a person to make an image contain a gradual change of colors (such as purple turning gradually into blues and then greens).  Opacity the ability to see through one object or layer to another below it.

Color Color Modes: The separation of color into channels. RGB: Acronym for red, green, blue, the colors of projected light from a computer monitor that when combined simulate a subset of the visual spectrum. CMYK: A color model used to identify a color as a percentage of the colors cyan, magenta, yellow, and black. red, yellow, blue

Acceptable file extensions Images Acceptable file extensions Print .TIFF .EPS Web .GIF .BMP Both .JPG .PNG .PDF

Images Will it print? Pixel sizes and how big they can be printed

Images How do you resize an image without loosing the aspect ratio? Cropping images is by far one of the most common, every day uses for Photoshop. You could open the Image Size dialog box to find out the width and height of the image and then do the math From the top menu select Transform Selection, Press-and-hold the Shift key, grab a corner point, and drag inward to resize the selection area.

Images Touch up to enhance Remove red eye Remove unwanted objects zoom in on the offending area and color over the red pixels with black or dark grey. Most programs now offer a red-eye reduction tool which will automatically do the correction for you. Remove unwanted objects Use Photoshop's Patch Tool and Healing Brush. These can be used to copy one area of a photo and place it over another area. Color balance Use the color balance tool to make minor adjustments to color

Ethics Royalty Free Copyrighted A user typically pays a one-time fee for a royalty-free image license and can then use the image as many times and in as many places as he chooses. The "free" in royalty-free does not mean there is no cost for the license, but instead refers to being able to freely use the image without paying additional royalties. This means you pay for the license only once, and you can use it forever within the accepted ways, without any further payment obligations. Copyrighted Copyright is a federal law. It is Title 17 of the United States Code. Copyright is the right of authors to control the use of their work for a limited period of time. A copyrighted work must be an original work of authorship which is fixed in a tangible medium of expression. When does a work become copyrighted? A work becomes copyrighted when it is fixed* in a tangible medium of expression. After March 1, 1989 works no longer require a copyright notice (© or the word copyright, the author´s name and the year of publication).

Obtaining copyright permission Determine if permission is needed. Identify the owner. Identify the rights needed. Contact the owner and negotiate whether payment is required. Get your permission agreement in writing. Obtaining copyright