What A DRAG! By: Kathryne Vetter

Purpose To determine if a swim cap affects your time by reducing drag in swimming and if it affects by a small amount or no time at all. Hypothesis That a swim cap will affect your time in swimming because it will reduce drag maybe not a lot but.

Experimental Design Independent Variable: Swim Cap or No Swim Cap Dependent Variable: Time (seconds) Constants: Pressure in room, Type of Liquid, Length Of Pool, Type of swim cap, Type of Timer. Levels SWIM CAP NO SWIM CAP Repeated Trials 5

Procedure Swimmer 1 will swim a 50 (2 laps) with wearing a swim cap Start the timer when Swimmer 1 jumps of starting block and hits water End Timer when Swimmer 1 touches wall were they started Record Data In Notebook Give Swimmer 1 10 minutes to recoup Now Ask Swimmer 1 to swim another 50without wearing a swim cap Start Timer when swimmer hits water End timer when swimmer 1 touches wall they started at Record Data Repeat steps 1-9 with different swimmers

Diagram Time 45 sec Stopwatch Swim Cap Pool Swimmer Use the “Insert” menu to add a digital photo, use shapes to create a diagram, or use the draw tool to draw a diagram. Swimmer

Data Table 1 Swimmer Swim No Cap Cap 2 Swimmer 3 Swimmer 4 Swimmer 55 53 (secs) (secs) 42 47 51 52 49 53 65 66 Swimmers Time (seconds)

Graph

Conclusion This experiment was to see if the swim cap really does affect your time as for why people where them to shave off seconds but does it really work? In this experiment was used swim cap or no cap as our independent variable and time as our dependent variable. There were 5 trials for each swim cap and no swim cap. Each trial was a different swimmer. The mean for when a swimmer used a swim cap was 52.4 seconds, and the mean when swimmers didn’t use a swim cap was 54.2. Paragraph One - Summarize the Data 1. Answer the question in your purpose using a strong opening statement. 2. Define the relationship between the variables 3. Use an appropriate measure of central tendency to describe the data. 4. Describe the variation in the repeated trials using the range, IQR, or the five number summary.

Conclusion The hypothesis that the swim cap will affect your time was supported by the data collected. For example the means for wearing a swim cap and not wearing one were different by 2 seconds. There was one were the Swimmer had a faster time swimming without a swim cap then he/she did wearing one. The graph shows that most times were lower wearing a swim cap then it does not wearing one. Paragraph Two – Support or refute the hypothesis. 1. Tell whether your hypothesis is supported or disproved. 2. Give evidence from the data table to support your answer. 3. Give evidence from the graph to support your answer.

Conclusion Why the swim cap affected your time was because of drag. Drag is pull, as against a resistance. Why this affected it is because when wearing a swim cap you are enabling more skin cells to fly right off, which then water will moves right past you easier therefore creating less drag or friction drag when swimming. Others have been proven that shaving or wearing a cap creates less drag making you able to travel more strokes per second. For example if someone had a big meet and they were going up against a great swimmer they might wear a swim cap to reduce drag even if it only affects your time by a couple seconds. Paragraph Three – Interpret the results of the experiment using science concepts. 1. Identify and explain the important science concepts that relate to the experiment. 2. Relate these concepts to the experiment and the results. 3. Relate this experiment to a real life situation.