Advances in Civil & Environmental Engineering

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Advances in Civil & Environmental Engineering Production of Eco-Friendly Non-Load Bearing Concrete Hollow Blocks using Glass Powder and Marble powder Prof. Anwar Khitab, Engr. Salman Ahmed DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING MIRPUR UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, MIRPUR, AJK

TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION MATERIALS AND METHODS RESULTS AND DISCUSSION CONCLUSIONS THANKS 3

INTRODUCTION Raw materials of cement are lime, silica, and alumina. Depletion of natural resources Environmental hazards Recycling of industrial and agricultural wastes Glass powder and marble powder Around 40% of marble waste is generated worldwide Million tons of waste glass is being generated annually all over the world

MATERIALS Ordinary Portland Cement Lawrencepur Sand Margalla Crush Potable water

MATERIALS Oxide Cement Marble Dust Glass Powder SiO2 20.7 0.18 70 Al2O3 5.7 0.67 1.5 Fe2O3 2.3 0.44 - CaO 64.8 51.70 10 MgO 1.1 0.4 2 SO3 3.21 0.08 Na2O 0.19 ----- 9 K2O 0.6 0.21 0.5 Specific Gravity(g/cc) 3.14 2.68 Fineness (sc/g) 3310 5960 Loss on ignition 0.92% 46.04

MATERIALS Specimen ID C GP5 GP10 GP15 MP5 MP10 MP15 Cement % 100 95 90 85 GP% - 5 10 15 MP% No of specimen 8

MATERIALS Hollow concrete blocks 15x20x40 cm. Composition of concrete: 1:1.75:3 Specimens with 0%, 5%, 10% and 15% of glass powder and marble powder.

TESTS ASTM C-140: Compressive strength and water absorption for hollow concrete masonry blocks (https://www.astm.org/Standards/C140.htm)

RESULTS

RESULTS

CONCLUSIONS Non-Load Bearing Hollow Concrete Blocks manufactured with Marble powder and Glass powder as replacement of Cement ensures the improvement, in performance and Compressive strength. The water absorption decreases with increase in the amount of marble powder. Water absorption decreases with increase in the amount of glass powder. (The results of 10% are exceptional for glass powder only)