Introduction to Community Resilience Framework

World Conference on Disaster Reduction 2005 adopted Hyogo Framework for Action 2005-2015 Building the Resilience of Nations and Communities to Disasters

Resilience “The capacity of a system, community or society potentially exposed to hazards to adapt, by resisting or changing in order to reach and maintain an acceptable level of functioning and structure. This is determined by the degree to which the social system is capable of organizing itself to increase this capacity for learning from past disasters for better future protection and to improve risk reduction measures.”

Global Trends - Disasters are NOT natural Natural and human-induced hazards Climate change and variables (global warming, “global dimming”…) HAZARDS + EXTREME EVENTS Socio-economic: Poverty, unplanned urban growth, lack of awareness and institutional capacities... Physical: Insufficient land use planning, housing, infrastructures located in hazard prone areas or poorly built... Environmental degradation Ecosystem degradation; coastal, watershed, marshlands…), etc. VULNERABILITY Can sustainable development be achieved without taking into account the risk to natural hazards? Short answer: NO! Identification of hazards/vulnerability; monitoring and management of risk are integral to sustainable development. Address root-causes to vulnerability: social, economic, environmental, technical-physical factors = Natural hazard X Vulnerability Disaster Risk

Hyogo Framework for Action 2005-2015 (HFA) WCDR - Outcome Hyogo Framework for Action 2005-2015 (HFA) 3 Strategic goals 5 Priorities for action Implementation and follow-up Integrate disaster risk reduction into policies, plans and programmes of sustainable development and poverty reduction Recognize risk reduction as both a humanitarian and development issue – in the context of sustainable development Focus on national and local implementation, with bilateral, multilateral, regional and international cooperation Targets and indicators to be developed according to needs. The HFA focuses in particular on National Implementation with the support through bi-lateral, regional and international cooperation. Priorities for action 2005-2015: 1. Governance: ensure that disaster risk reduction is a national and local priority with strong institutional basis for implementation (UNDP/BCPR, UN-HABITAT, UNV, ProVention Consortium) 2. Risk identification: identify, assess and monitor disaster risks and enhance early warning (WMO, UNU, EC/JRC) 3. Knowledge: use knowledge , innovation and education to build a culture of safety and resilience at all levels (UNESCO, UNICEF, IFRC) 4. Reducing the underlying risk factors (UNEP, UNCRD, WHO) 5. Strengthen disaster preparedness for effective response (UN/OCHA, WFP)

Hyogo Framework for Action 2005-2015 (HFA) 5 Priority Areas Disaster risk reduction is a national and local priority with a strong institutional basis for implementation Identify, assess and monitor risk and enhance early warning systems Use knowledge, innovation and education to build a culture of safety and resilience at all levels Reduce underlying risk factors in all sectors (environment, land-use planning, health, recovery, building codes, livelihoods, financial services…) Strengthen disaster preparedness for effective response at all levels

Overview and challenges Almost eight years after the adoption of the Hyogo Framework... Vulnerability has increased more rapidly than expected, disasters also… Governments are taking concrete action, possibly not enough… Greater focus is needed on more explicit, systematic approaches to support implementation of HFA (guidelines, methodologies, indicators, standards …) Civil Defence Strategy needs to be strengthened…

The Civil Defence Strategy Mobilize volunteer strength by inducting students from college or technical institutions. Develop Disaster Rapid Action Teams locally of volunteers. Introduce DRR awareness training through NSS camps by DRAT Maintain a light SAR team equipment inventory Specialize in immediate needs of the affected.

The Civil Defence Strategy A team of 2 Master trainers (ADC/DyC) and 5 trainers be kept ready for training assignments with NCDC. A Response team of 20 persons with light Rescue equipment be organized as under- 2 SAR teams of 5 Rescuers each 2 Medical officers 4 BLS Providers 2 Communication personnel ( wireless/ HAM oprs) 2 Assisting members

The Civil Defence Strategy NCDC can provide facilities of On site Communication & Co-ordination Center. One Technical Rescue team of 5 members A team of Master trainers ( 1 faculty & 3 Technical field Trainers) Operational guidance on Hazmat incidents Training manuals for Awareness Training Facilitate Partnerships with other agencies whether national or international

Way Forward…… Intimate connections between poverty, environment, climate and disasters require integrated approaches to reduce risk Capacity needs for future climate risks are mostly similar to those for today’s risks Urgent need to integrate risk management into development sectors: health, education, environment, science, culture... Build alliances for action utilizing existing mechanisms: governments with media, NGOs, academic institutions, private sector...

Prevention vis-à-vis Preparedness " More effective prevention strategies would save not only tens of billions of dollars, but save tens of thousands of lives. Funds currently spent on intervention and relief could be devoted to enhancing equitable and sustainable development instead, which would further reduce the risk for war and disaster. Building a culture of prevention is not easy. While the costs of prevention have to be paid in the present, its benefits lie in a distant future. Moreover, the benefits are not tangible; they are the disasters that did NOT happen. " Kofi Annan, “Facing the Humanitarian Challenge: Towards a Culture of Prevention”, UNGA, A/54/1

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