Bell-Ringer Good Morning  ~ Turn to page 560 of your textbook. ~ Answer document-based questions 1-3. For #4, create a balance sheet of pros and cons on Christopher Columbus on the same page as your other responses.

“European Nations Settle North America” Chapter 20, Section 2 “European Nations Settle North America”

Competing Claims in North America A. Explorers Establish New France 1. Giovanni da Verrazzano a. founded present-day New York harbor 2. Jacques Cartier a. Founded St. Lawrence River and Montreal 3. Samuel de Champlain a. Founded Quebec, or New France 1. became France’s colonial empire in N. America B. A Trading Empire 1. small population 2. fur trade was main economic activity 3. more interested in making $ than colonizing Samuel de Champlain

The English Arrive in North America A. The Settlement at Jamestown 1. English settlers reached Jamestown, VA in 1607 2. disastrous start a. interested in finding gold instead of planting crops b. 7 out of 10 died hunger, disease, or battles with natives 3. England’s 1st permanent settlement in N. America 4. farmers discovered tobacco, which became cash crop B. Puritans Create a “New England” 1. 1620 – Pilgrims founded Plymouth colony in Massachusetts a. sought religious freedom 2. 1630 – Puritans founded Massachusetts Bay colony a. wanted to build model community as Christian example John Smith

C. The Dutch Found New Netherland 1. Henry Hudson a. 3 waterways – Hudson River, Hudson Bay, & Hudson Strait 2. established fur trade w/ Iroquois 3. Dutch holdings became known as New Netherland D. Colonizing the Caribbean 1. French a. Present-day Haiti, Guadeloupe, & Martinique 2. English a. Barbados and Jamaica 3. Dutch a. Netherlands Antilles and Aruba 4. large cotton & sugar plantations a. Demanded large & steady supply of labor – slavery! Henry Hudson

The Struggle for North America A. The English Oust the Dutch 1. New Netherland separated their northern & southern colonies 2. Duke of York given permission to drive out the Dutch a. Dutch surrendered the land 3. New Netherland renamed New York

B. England Battles France 1. dispute over land claims in the Ohio Valley 2. French and Indian War a. Britain vs. France b. British successful c. French surrendered North American holdings d. British seized control of eastern half of N. America

Native Americans Respond A. A Strained Relationship 1. French & Dutch had a mostly cooperative relationship w/ natives a. Mutual benefits of the fur trade 2. English & Native Americans fought over land & religion a. pushed natives off their land b. natives viewed as heathens & agents of the devil

B. Settlers and Native Americans Battle 1. 1622 – Powhatan attacked villages, killing about 350 settlers 2. colonists struck back & massacred 100s of Powhatan 3. 1675 – King Philip’s War a. Metacom (King Philip) lead attack on colonists in Mass. b. both sides massacred 100s of victims c. colonists defeated natives C. Natives Fall to Disease 1. Native American population declined a. severe shortage of labor Pocahontas Metacom

Daily Essential Questions What was a basic difference between French and English attitudes about the land they acquired in North America? What was the main result of the French and Indian War? What were some of the results for Native Americans of European colonization of North America?