11/16 6.3 CASE STUDIES WARM-UP: Vocab CASE STUDIES: Adapt or Modify? CASE STUDY: Haiti & Chile REVIEW: Latin America Unit Test (A= W 11/29)

ADAPT / ADAPTATION How people change themselves to better survive in their environment. Examples: Clothing Shelter

MODIFY / MODIFICATION People change the environment, in ways that are considered permanent. Examples: Agriculture Tunnel

ITAIPU DAM (Brazil & Paraguay) MODIFICATION

SUN SCREEN ADAPTATION

ADAPT –or- MODIFY READ ANSWER QUESTIONS

Building Methods in Santiago, Chile ADAPTATION

Terrace Farming in the Andes MODIFICATION

Building in the Amazon Rainforest ADAPTATION

Slash & Burn Agriculture MODIFICATION

Panama Canal & Panamax Canal MODIFICATION

How economic development & tectonic shifts effect people. HAITI vs CHILE How economic development & tectonic shifts effect people.

Haiti is on half of the island of Hispaniola (shared with the Dominican Republic)

Haiti was originally a colony of France Haiti was originally a colony of France. Enslaved Africans were taken there to farm sugar.

In 1791 the enslaved Africans revolted against the French Colonist and took over Haiti

Today Haitians speak French and Haitian Creole, which is a mixture of French and West African languages. 80% of Haitians are Catholic-Christians. However, many also practice Vodou which can be traced back to West Africa.

LESS DEVELOPED COUNTRY Even before the 2010 earthquake, HAITI had an unstable/weak government and had an underdeveloped economy and poor infrastructure (roads, rail lines, water systems, electric grid. etc.). LESS DEVELOPED COUNTRY

12 January 2010 Magnitude 7.0 Depth 8.1 miles (13 km) HAITI’s Earthquake 12 January 2010 Magnitude 7.0 Depth 8.1 miles (13 km)

As this diagram shows, HAITI suffered from a shallow shift of tectonic plates along a strike-slip fault, which generally causes the most damage.

One reason the devastation was so bad in HAITI was because the building materials and practices in Haiti were so poor.

Because HAITI has such poor infrastructure and a weak/ineffective government, it took longer to get emergency aid to those who needed it.

Even now, HAITI is having problems rebuilding so millions are living in tent camps. Diseases, such as Cholera, are becoming major epidemics.

Chile is located along the Pacific Ocean and the western side of the Andes Mountains. Chile was colonized by the Spanish. Most Chileans speak Spanish and practice Catholic-Christianity

Chile was once part of the Inca Empire. Today in Chile, about 30% of people trace their ancestry to Europe, 5% are native people, and 65% are Mestizo (a combination of European and native people).

NEWLY INDUSTRIALIZED COUNTRY CHILE is a country with a stable, strong government, functioning infrastructure and modern building methods overall. NEWLY INDUSTRIALIZED COUNTRY

February 27, 2010 Magnitude 8.8 Depth 22 miles (35 kilometers) CHILE’s Earthquake February 27, 2010 Magnitude 8.8 Depth 22 miles (35 kilometers)

Although CHILE’s earthquake was actually stronger in magnitude than Haiti’s, it did less damage because it was deeper and was along a convergent fault (where one tectonic plate slips under another).

Although CHILE also suffered damage from their earthquake, but because their building materials and methods took earthquake readiness into account, their damage was not as severe as Haiti’s.

Because CHILE had the organization and infrastructure in place, they began clearing debris and rebuilding right after the earthquake.

Although they’re not luxurious, people who lost their homes in CHILE’s earthquake almost immediately received shelters to live in until they can rebuild, so they’re not suffering from outbreaks of disease.

Looking at the Latin America and the world, what conclusions can we make? Development & Infrastructure Preparing for the future Earthquake Hurricanes Tsunami Epidemics/Pandemics

CHILE HAITI BOTH

REVIEW TEST on A=W 11/29

Name ______________ 6.3 HAITI vs. CHILE Period 1 2 3 5 6 7 8 10 BOTH

11) TERRACING / TERRACE AGRICULTURE Cutting a series of flat platforms into a steep hillside, which resemble steps, for farming. Terraced fields decrease erosion and surface runoff. In steep terrain terracing is necessary to successful grow crops

13) SLASH and BURN AGRICULTURE Farming method which involves cutting and burning of dense forests to create fields. Benefits are short-lived, the new field is usually abandoned within 3-4 years. It is mainly subsistence farmers who use this method of farming, since it only requires basic tools with little technology.

Quarantine ALL Electronic Devices Study Turn-In Map HW

SILENCE during testing! ! ! Please work silently on the Review for the Latin America Unit Test when you finish your Latin America Map Test