Chapter 2 Matter

What is matter? Matter – anything that has mass and occupies space. Three phases of matter – gas, liquid, solid.

How can the creation of matter resemble an ecosystem? Atoms – smallest particle that has properties of an element. Elements – a substance that cannot be broken down into smaller substances Compounds – a substance formed when two or more elements combine together. Organism – Population – Community – Ecosystem.

What elements are found in the human body and on Earth? Nickel 2.4% Magnesium 12.7% Sulfur 1.9% Silicon 15.2% Calcium1.1% Iron 34.6% Oxygen29.5% Other elements 2.6% Human Body Oxygen 65% Sodium 0.3% Calcium 1.6% Potassium 0.4% Hydrogen 10.2% Phosphorus 0.9% Carbon 17.5% Nitrogen 2.4% Sulfur 0.2% Other elements 1%

Molecules The smallest unit of a substance that exhibits all of the properties characteristic of that substance. O6 Cl2 C6H12O 6 NaCl Chemical formula: the number of chemical symbols and the number of atoms in the basic unit.

Pure substance or a mixture? Any matter that has fixed composition and definite properties. Examples: distilled water, sugar, salt, pepper, milk Mixture A combination of more than one pure substance. Examples: chocolate milk, fruit punch, chocolate chip cookie.

Types of mixtures Homogeneous – same throughout examples: soda, milk, Kool Aid Heterogeneous – not uniformly mixed examples: chicken noodle soup, crowd at a football game. Miscible – Immiscible –