ECS is more common in females ECS is more common in females. It may overlap with photosensitivity but is independent from photosensitivity. ECS can activate polyspike-wave discharges and myoclonic jerks. It can be seen in different epileptic syndromes including childhood absence epilepsy (CAE), juvenile absence epilepsy (JAE), eyelid myoclonia with absences (EMA), juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME), idiopathic generalized epilepsy (IGE with tonic-clonic seizure), generalized epilepsy with grand mal upon awakening GMA, and idiopathic occipital lobe epilepsy.9–11 REM sleep, similar to eye opening, plays a role in inhibiting EEG manifestations of JME with eye closure sensitivity.12 Source: Generalized Epilepsy, Atlas of Pediatric EEG Citation: Laoprasert P. Atlas of Pediatric EEG; 2011 Available at: https://neurology.mhmedical.com/DownloadImage.aspx?image=/data/Books/1042/Lao001_Fig_08-09.gif&sec=59079832&BookID=1042&ChapterSecID=59078730&imagename= Accessed: December 21, 2017 Copyright © 2017 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved