Cognitive processes Jakub Jura Engineering Psychology Cognitive processes attention – thinking – imagination – memory – creativity – problem solving http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perception http://www.cns.nyu.edu/~msl/courses/0044/handouts/Weber.pdf http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weber%E2%80%93Fechner_law http://www.wikiskripta.eu/index.php/Weber-Fechner%C5%AFv_z%C3%A1kon http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psychophysics#Experimentation http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gestalt_psychology#Uses_in_human.E2.80.93computer_interaction http://www.sapdesignguild.org/resources/optical_illusions/gestalt_laws.html http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Memory http://www.akademik.unsri.ac.id/download/journal/files/scipub/jcs_si_106-111.pdf Jakub Jura Jakub.jura@fs.cvut.cz http://users.fs.cvut.cz/~jura/ing-psych/

Mental processes mediate between stimulus and response. What is Cognitive? From latin cognoscere = getting to know Distinguish emotional and rational Descarte’s „Cogito ergo sum“. BLACK BOX GREY BOX stimulus response F(s) Mental processes mediate between stimulus and response.

Cognitive processes Base Cognitive processes: Perception Sensation Attention Thinking Imagination Memory Learning Advanced Cognitive processes Creativity Problem solving metacognition

Cognitive functions How we process an information? Sensation, Perception, Attention, Memory, Imagination, Thinking, Learning How we process an information? Human cognition as a complex system Model of cognitive functions Object available information Schema of environment Exploration Directs Samples Modify Actual world Cognitive map Locomotion and action

Model of Cognitive functions Unified Modeling Language

Cognitive model Sensation Perception Attention Memory Thinking Creativity Imagination

Memory Sensory processes Sensory register Short term memory Remains from 200 ms to 500 ms Repeating Sensory registr George Sperling (200 – 500 ms) Short-term memory George Miller 7±2 chunks Chunking process (recoding) Long-term memory Hippocampus Memory processes: Imprint Retent Remember Recognise Sensory processes Sensory register Perceptual processes Short term memory Long term memory Selective filtering

Ebbinghaus Forgetting Curve R = e-t/s R … memory retention s … relative strenght of memory t … time 45 % 35 %

Serial-positioning effect Which of the syllable you remember easily? Initialy Final Out of serial-positioning effect: Meaningfull Related to myself Connected to my activity

Redraw this figure maximaly precisely Memory test How big is capacity of you visual memory? Redraw this figure maximaly precisely

Memory test

Imaging Constructive and Reconstructive processes and eyes movement. Imagine yellow elephant with red dots. Imagine what did you eat last evening.

Experiment 3 - Mental rotation F Experiment 3 - Mental rotation How many times you need to read rotated sign. Angle ° Time 1 s Time 2 R Q A L B M T Internal and external time problem. Time need to read the letter.

Completing square test 11 18

Attention Orientation reflex Orientation activities Bourdon test d2 test Capacity Fluency Trend

Divided attention 5 C 1 B 2 D A 4 E 3

Thinking J. P. Guilford: Convergent production - generation of logical conclusions from given information, where emphasis is upon achieving unique or conventionally best outcomes. It is likely that given (cue) information fully determines the outcome as in mathematics and logic. Divergent production - generation of logical alternatives from given information, where emphasis is upon variety, quantity, and relevance of output from the same source.

Intelligence scale

Problem solving Interconect all of this 9 point by the 4 segments of a line non-stop.

Phases of the creative process Initiation Data collection and analysis of a initial situation. Preparation phase Incubation Increasing of complexity. Multiplication of relations. Interpretation phase. Ilumination Emergence of the solution. Verification Reintegration of peices of knowledge.

E. Rossi – creative phase

Mind Mapping Clarification or externalization of the mental representation of the given domain. The mind map is Tony Buzan’s mean of visualization of mental contents of a given (usually in the center of the map placed) theme.

Metacognition Thinking about thinking (exactly cognition about cognition) First-level metacognition Second-level metacognition

Distribuce pozornosti Identifikace parametrů PID (nebo obecně modelu regulátoru) při regulaci a autoregulaci duševní činosti Například napouštím dvě nádoby vodou a reguluji výšku hladiny na danou hodnotu