Marine Environmental Awareness Course Ship recycling Name • Date

Ship recycling Contents A lucrative business The beaching method Social effects Ecological effects Role of shipping 2 Photo credits: www.pierretorset.com - Marine Photobank/ Green Award Foundation

1. A lucrative business Some facts and figures: Life expectancy of 25-30 years Ships are huge Every year about 800 ships are scrapped Up to 97% of all the ship’s material is re-used Steel can be reprocessed Copper, aluminum and stainless steel are valuable

1. A lucrative business Many shipping companies use ‘cash buyers’ Hazardous and toxic materials onboard: Oil Sludge Paints PCB’s PVC’s Asbestos Photo credits: ProSea

Majority of ships are dismantled in India, Pakistan and Bangladesh Cheap labor Few domestic sources for steel cold re-rolling of steel and ‘beaching’ is allowed Source graphs: The Internet Ships Register

2. The beaching method Ships grounded at high tide Dismantled by hand in uncontrolled and dangerous circumstances No pollution prevention, no waste reception or treatment Photo credits: Wahid Adnan, Marine Photobank / www.pierretorset.com, Marine Photobank

3. Social impacts One of the most dangerous jobs in the world (ILO): No protective clothing No heavy machinery No training Many hazardous materials Some impacts: Asbestosis (In Aland – 1 out of 6) Lung cancer Regular accidents (injuries, death) Child labour Photo credits: YSPA 2009 / unknown

Photo credits: YSPA 2009

Photo credits: YSPA 2009

4. Ecological impacts No appropriate waste disposal: Holes drilled in ship to drain liquids is common practice Oil and sludge seep away in soft coastal sediments Large coastal areas turn into barren fields Phytoplankton, fish stocks and groundwater are effected Photo credits: Wahid Adnan – Marine Photobank

Ship recycling Contents A lucrative business The beaching method Social impacts Ecological impacts Role of shipping 11 Photo credits: www.pierretorset.com - Marine Photobank/ Green Award Foundation

The Hong Kong International Convention for the safe and environmentally Sound Recycling of Ships May 2009 Guidelines for human and environmental friendly recycling of ships. Key aspects: Inventory of Hazardous Materials (IHM) ‘Ship Recycling Plan’ A ‘pre-recycling inspection’ for all ships Will enter into force 24 months after at least 15 states, representing at least 40 % of world tonnage, have ratified Convention signed by 67 countries, not ratified by any country yet (in August 2012)

Solutions: recycling under controlled circumstances for example: Maersk shipping Photo credits: MAERSK / North Sea Foundation

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