WATER & POWER 4th INDIA WATER WEEK- 2016 ‘Water for All : Striving Together’ R.K. GUPTA CHAIRMAN CUM MANAGING DIRECTOR (A Govt. of India Undertaking) Ministry of Water Resources, River Development & Ganga Rejuvenation International Consultant in Water Resources, Power and Infrastructure WATER & POWER

INTRODUCTION AS World expands most of our natural resources are under stress. Water & Power are perhaps the two most important resources to sustain life and Growth. Present trend of power supply is unsustainable. GHG emissions and Climate change calls for urgent mid course corrections in Power sector. In this context the Hydropower Technology is playing significant role. It will pave way for energy revolution towards Low carbon Energy generation to make it sustainable.

“WATER AND POWER” NEXUS Water and Energy are connected and highly interdependent. We need water for our energy systems and energy systems for our water which constitute so called “Water-Power Nexus”. More than about 80% of global electricity is generated by boiling water to create steam that spins turbines. About 8% of global energy generation is used for pumping, treating, and transporting water.

“WATER AND POWER” NEXUS In “Water for Power”, all types of electricity generation consume water To process the raw materials used in the facility or fuel constructing and maintaining the plant or to just generate the electricity itself In “Power for Water” power is also vital to provide freshwater, needed to power systems that collect, transport, distribute and treat it along with disposal of water.

POWER SECTOR- KEY CHALLENGES Fossil fuel Power - Finite , Limited & Depleting. - Emission of Green House Gases . Adverse impact - Climate Change . Fossil Fuel Power Model - Unsustainable Need for alternatives – Large Scale Grid compatible Renewable resources Need to Integrate- Hydro-Power, Solar, Wind Energy

HYDROPOWER- Key to Sustenance Hydropower Contribution to Decarbonize Energy Mix is Two Fold: To provide Clean and Green energy to the Energy Mix. Help Integrate other Renewables such as Solar and Wind. Key Advantages Perpetual in Nature and Supports Biodiversity & Water Conservation It is mature Technology with reliability. Competitive in cost. Offers valuable Peak Power. Low O&M cost Energy Storage for Seasonal Load Balancing

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HYDROPOWER- An Overview

HYDROPOWER- Types Run of The River- This type harnesses the available flow of the River. In absence of storage depends on Precipitation and runoff. Has Large daily, monthly, seasonal and yearly variation Storage Scheme- This type creates reservoir and retain flows to generate electricity on Demand. Reduced dependence on variability of inflows. Can provide Irrigation and Flood protection RoR Scheme Reservoir Schemes

HYDROPOWER- Types Cascade Schemes- Pumped Storage Schemes- This type creates large reservoir in upstream catchment and increases generation in all small Plants downstream. Pumped Storage Schemes- This type creates two large reservoir and is the only mechanism of Energy Storage in a Grid. Cascade Schemes Pumped Storage Scheme

HYDROPOWER- WAY FORWARD NEED TO SYNERGISE THE EFFORTS OF ALL STAKEHOLDERS TO TAKE APPROPRIATE ACTIONS TO REALISE THE TARGETED HYDROPOWER GENERATION IN FUTURE THE FOLLOWING ARE SOME OF THE KEY STEPS NEEDED FOR HYDROPOWER DEVELOPMENT DEVELOP POLICY FRAMEWORK TO ATTRACT INVESTMENTS DEVELOP MASTER PLAN AT RIVER BASIN LEVEL MODERNISE AND ENHANCE THE EXISTING INSTALLATION ENHANCE EFFORTS TO CONVINCE THE STAKEHOLDERS FOR ACCEPTANCE OF HYDROPOWER AS SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT. DEVELOP EFFECTIVE FINANCIAL MODELS TECHNOLOGICAL ADVANCEMENT TO IMPROVE EFFICIENCY AND REDUCE COST OF GENERATION STORGAE SCHEMES TO BALANCE SEASONAL LOADS AND PROVIDE IRRIGATION AND FLOOD CONTROL

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