Ocean Bounty What does the ocean provide for us? What does the Ocean floor look Like and how do we know this?

How much of earth is covered by the oceans? - Almost 71% of the earth’s surface is covered by our ocean. - Seven seas? (Arrrr) Not really. All of our oceans and seas are connected making one global ocean. There are four main ocean basins: The pacific ocean The atlantic ocean The indian ocean The arctic ocean

71% SOUNDS LIKE A LOT RIGHT?

Besides fish… - Oil - Removes carbon and provides oxygen - Diamonds, gold, iron, silver, metal ores - Freshwater through desalination

Ocean Floor

Continental Margin Continental Shelf is gently sloping surface from the shoreline. • 80 km wide, 130 m deep -Continental slope is steeper than shelf and is boundary of continents. • 20 km wide, 5-25 degree slope Continental Rise is where the slope decreases into gradual incline. • 100 km wide.

Submarine canyons - Cuts into continental slope by turbidity currents that deposit material in ocean floor.

Deep Ocean Basin Abyssal Plain form by sediments carried by turbidity currents deposited on the ocean floor forming flat surfaces. Seamounts are submerged volcanoes that never were at surface. - Guyots are volcanoes that were at surface and become submerged. Due to waves and plate motion. Near Hawaiian Islands

Fun Stuff - Atolls- coral reef that form around a Guyot.

Mid-Ocean Ridge - plates are moving apart due to Volcanic Activity.

bathymetry -“bathos” – means depth; “metry” – Measurement Transect- a path along which one counts and record data. Ocean Floor Mapping • Sonar sound Navigation and Ranging. • Satellite Imagery • Old School Weighted Line • Submersibles HHMS Challenger: 4 years and 127,500 Km of data (1872-1876).