Social Aspects of Interlanguage Source : Second Language Acquisition - Rod Ellis Dias Wicaksono ( 2201410026 ) Bahtiar Rifai ( 2201410099 ) M. Jona Lumintu ( 2201410143 )

There are three approaches to incorporate a social angle of L2 acquisition: Interlanguage as consisting of different styles How social factors determine the input that construct interlanguage How the social identities learners negotiating in their interactions with native speakers

Different styles of language use depending on the condition of the use Elaine Taron: stylistic continuum careful style vernacular style Howard Giles: accommodation theory convergence divergence

Interlanguage as a stylistic continuum Elaine Tarone has proposed some theories : Stylistic continuum Careful Style Vernacular style

Stylistic continuum Learners develop capability for using the L2 and this undelies all regular language behaviour

Careful Style evident when learners are consciuosly attending to their choice of linguistic forms, as when they need to be correct

Vernacular style Evident when learners are making spontaneous choices of linguistic forms as is likely in free conversation

The Problems regarding Tarone’s theory Later, research has shown that learners are not always most accurate in their careful style and least accurate in their vernacular style The role of social factors remains unclear

Howard Gile’s Accommodation Theory Explain how a learners social group influences the course of L2 acquisition The key idea is social accommodation Social factors influence interlanguage development via the impact they have on the attitudes that determine the kinds of language learners engage in

When people interact with each other they either try to make their speech similar to that of their adressee in order to emphasize social cohesiveness (a process of convergence) or to make it different in order to emphasize their social distinctiveness ( a process of divergence )

The Acculturation model of L2 Determination of the input by social factors John Schumann: acculturation model social distance

The Acculturation model of L2 This model is built around the metaphor of ‘distance’ This concerns the extent to which individual learners become members of a target language group and therefore achieve contact with them

3. social identities Bonny Pierce: relationship between social context and L2 acquisition subject to subject of  investment

Social Identity and Investment in L2 Learning The notions of ‘subject to’ and ‘subject of’ are central to Bonny Peirce view of the realtionship between social context and L2 acquisition ( struggle and investment ) Language learners have complex social identities that can only be understood in terms of the power relation that shape social structures

Pierce’s social theory of L2 acquisition afford a different set of metaphor Social sonditions determine the extent of learners contact with the L2 and their commitment to learn it

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