Ecology Unit 2 Week 1 Day 2

Pg. 47, 3 Column Vocabulary Biodiversity Ecological Diversity Habitat Niche Population Distribution Population Density Resource Partitioning Species Richness

Human Impact Ecology Unit 3

IN pg. 48 What are ways you disturb the land or environment every day in your life? Think of at least 3.

Do it now Pg. 48 What are 3 environmental factors that influence what you do during the day?

Thru 1 pg. 49 Describe the interaction in this picture. 3+sentences

Thru 2 pg. 49 What is competition?

Title - Communities Cornell Notes Pg. 51

What is a community?

What are Community Interactions Predation(+-) One organism kills and eats another organism.

What is competition? Competition(--) 2 organisms are competing for the same resource. May be interspecific (between members of different species) or intraspecific (between members of the same species).

What are Niche and Habitat? Habitat-place where an organism lives. Niche-role and position a species has in its environment. Organisms with the same niche compete if they are in the same habitat.

How do Stability & Disturbance work together? Disturbance-events that change a community by removing organisms or changing resource availability. Stability is the ability of a community to resist disturbance and not change.

What is Biodiversity? The variety of life in an area. Measured by species richness-the number of different species in an ecosystem. Extinction is when the last individual of a species disappears. Endangered species=species that are likely to become extinct. Threatened species=species that are close to becoming endangered. Biodiversity increases the stability of a community

Which has more species diversity?

Thru 3 Pg. 50 How do Stability & Disturbance work together?

Thru 3 pg. 50 It is often said that a habitat is the organisms “address” and its niche is like its “job”. Please explain this in 3+ sentences.

Do it again pg. 48 What is a community?

Out pg. 48 What is competition?

In Pg. 52 (100pts) Use the internet to Define these words: Paramecium Interspecific competition Intraspecific competition Competitive exclusion principle Niche

Do it Now pg. 52 What is a hypothesis? What is the independent variable? What is the dependent variable?

Paramecium are microscopic, unicellular protists that live in water. The 2 species we are looking at do not eat each other, it isn’t a predator prey relationship. They compete for the same food. Paramecium are predators that feed on algae and bacteria https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a4aZE5FQ284

Thru 1: pg 53 Virtual Paramecium Lab 200 points Virtual Lab: Competing Paramecium Glencoe virtual lab paramecium Link: click on the link below: http://glencoe.mheducation.com/sites/dl/free/0078759864/383928/BL_04.html Look at the bottom of the page and find the following Icons: Jounal, Table and Graph The journal has questions you will write out in read and answer on page 53. The table has 4 columns and 9 rows which need to be filled in an labeled you will do this on page 53 Graphing will be done on graph paper collected up front and staple taped or glued onto page 53. You will then do a summary of 2 paragraphs explaining what the lab was about and what you learned from it.

Thinking About This: What kind of growth pattern do both species of Paramecium follow? **We expect a somewhat slow start and then a very rapid increase in number.

Do it again Pg. 52 What was your hypothesis for the paramecium lab? What was the independent variable for the paramecium lab? What was the dependent variable for the paramecium lab?

Out Pg. 52 In the virtual lab, What were the paramecium competing for? Was this inter or intraspecific competition? Why?

In Pg. Define Independent Variable

Do it Now Pg. Define Dependent Variable

Thru 1: pg The Lesson of the Kaibab Link for The lesson of the Kaibab: https://www.biologycorner.com/worksheets/kaibab.html

Sea Otter - Enhydra lutris https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ASJ82wyHisE

Article: Ocean Keepers Pg. What is kelp? Why are scientists keeping a close eye on the sea otter? What is an ecosystem? Why was the sea otter population almost wiped out in the 1700-early 1900’s? What is causing the sea otters to die out now? What parasites are infecting sea otters? How do the parasites get inside the sea otter? What is a keystone species? Why are otters considered a keystone species? How do sea otters keep kelp populations healthy?

Do it again pg. What did the deer teach us in the Lesson of the Kaibab?

Out Pg. The majority of keystone species are predators like the otters you read about. Prairie dogs are also keystone species, but not predators Prairie dogs contribute to the soil and water quality in their plains ecosystem. Their foraging retains water in the soil and forces fresh new grasses to continually grow. Young grasses have more nutrients for species such as bison and elk. Explain how prairie dogs are keystone species.

Intermediate disturbance hypothesis In: pg Watch the movie clip ”Khan Academy: Disturbance” and explain the following terms (9 minutes) Primary succession Pioneer species Secondary succession Climax community Intermediate disturbance hypothesis https://www.khanacademy.org/science/biology/crash-course-bio-ecology/crash-course-ecology-2/v/crash-course-ecology-06

If a community is disturbed it has to “start over” Succession is a change in the species that make up a community over time. If a community is disturbed it has to “start over” Primary succession-development of a community in an area that has not supported life before—no soil. Secondary succession-sequential replacement of an existing community following a disturbance (fire , flood, landslide,etc.)

Thru 1: pg Mount St. Helens: A Story of Succession Questions Read Mount St. Helens: A Story of Succession and answer the questions Tape the completed question sheet on this page.

Thru 2: pg Types of Succession Flowmap There are 4 pairs of cards (1picture card and one text card in each set) for primary succession and 4 pairs of cards for secondary succession. Arrange the cards into 2 SEPARATE flow maps, one for primary succession and one for secondary succession. Copy the 2 flow maps into your INB on these pages. INCLUDE the colored picture!!!!! Type of Succession with definition s https:// Stage 1 Stage 2 Stage 3 Stage 4 s s s Picture Picture s Picture Picture

Out Is this an example of primary or secondary succession? Why?

In: pg Write down 5 facts as you watch the movie clip. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=z9gHuAwxwAs

Thru 1: pg Species can be native or endemic to their habitat, that means they occur naturally.  Exotic species or Introduced species are not native to an area. Sometimes an exotic species will overwhelm native species and cause harm, when this happens the exotic species is called an invasive species. Do you think the following species are Endemic, Exotic or Invasive in Southern Nevada? 1. 8.

1. Dog Endemic, exotic or invasive?

2. Desert Tortoise Endemic, exotic or invasive?

3. Tumble weed Endemic, exotic or invasive?

4. Pigeon Endemic, exotic or invasive?

5. Coyote Endemic, exotic or invasive?

6. African honeybee Endemic, exotic or invasive?

7. Mustang Endemic, exotic or invasive?

8. Roadrunner Endemic, exotic or invasive?

Pg. Read the comic below and then select the response that best matches your response. Pick 1 of the 3 choices below by highlighting it. Which of the following best matches how you would respond to releasing the crawdad (i.e. crayfish) into a non-native environment? Releasing one crayfish into the creek will have no impact on the organisms that currently live there. The crayfish will adapt to its environment or die because nature works on the rule of “survival of the fittest.” Introducing the crayfish to a new environment could have a serious impact on the organisms that currently live there. Why did you select your response? Please explain your logic in more detail. Thru 2 Pg. Invasive Species Web Quest Answer the 12 questions here. You do not need to write out the questions.

Out One of the last mass extinction events was when the dinosaurs were wiped out by a meteor impact. 75% of species went extinct at this time. Scientist say we are currently in the Sixth Mass Extinction. What is the primary cause of the Sixth Mass Extinction? A tree left behind in a deforested Amazon rainforest