Theories of Human Development

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Presentation transcript:

Theories of Human Development Chapter 2

Developmental Theories and the Issues They Raise Yesterday you defined development and create your own life-span periods. According to the book, the following is part of a good developmental theory. As we read them think about the answers from yesterday. Internally consistent Falsifiable Supported by data If theory fail to meet evaluation criteria needs to be revised or discarded.

Issues With Human Development

Freud: Psychoanalytic Theory The theoretical perspective associated with Freud and his followers that emphasizes unconscious motivations for behavior, conflicts within the personality, and stages of psychosexual development. (Parrish, 2016) (McLeod, 2013)

Psychoanalytic Theories Cont. Defense Mechanisms (McLeod, 2013)

Learning Theories Classical Conditioning – A type of learning in which a stimulus that initially had no effect on the individual comes to elicit a response because of its association with a stimulus that already elicits the response. John B. Watson “Little Watson Study” http://fod.infobase.com/PortalPlaylists.aspx?wID=107013&xtid=43511&loid=99515 Operant Conditioning – A learner’s behavior become either more or less probable depending on the consequences it produces. B.F. Skinner Positive Punishment - The process in operant conditioning whereby a response is strengthened when its consequence is a pleasant event. Negative Punishment- The process in operant conditioning in which a response is weakened or made less probable when its consequence is the removal of a pleasant stimulus from the situation.

Bandura: Social Cognitive Theory Social Cognitive Theory (formerly called Social Learning Theory) Albert Bandura http://fod.infobase.com/PortalPlaylists.aspx?wID=107013&xtid=44898&loid=11 4202

Piaget: Cognitive Developmental Theory

References McLeod, S. (2013). Sigmund Freud. Retrieved January 7, 2017, from http://www.simplypsychology.org/Sigmund-Freud.html Parrish, P. (2016). Personality (or lack of) focusing on: Freudian, humanistic, social cognitive and trait theories. [PowerPoint Slide]. Retrieved February 21, 2017, from http://slideplayer.com/slide/9412717/