Mother-tongue of the Ukrainians Dbgbg Source: KIIS, 2013 Kateryna Yakovenko

Do you agree that Russian should be granted the status of a state language in Ukraine? Source: Sociological Group Rating, 2012 Kateryna Yakovenko

With what countries do you mostly associate yourself as to cultural and spiritual orientations? Source: Razumkov Centre, 2007 Kateryna Yakovenko

With what particular Orthodox Church do you identify yourself? Source: Razumkov Centre, 2013 Kateryna Yakovenko

Primarily, do you consider yourself the resident of what? Source: Razumkov Centre, 2005 Kateryna Yakovenko

Source: Razumkov Centre, 2007 Are there irreconcilable differences between different regions in Ukraine that could possibly lead to separation of territories?, % Source: Razumkov Centre, 2007 Kateryna Yakovenko

If the referendum on Ukraine’s independence took place today, how would you vote?, % Source: Razumkov Centre, 2008 Kateryna Yakovenko

Source: Razumkov Centre, 2012 Do you feel that the Ukrainian society is split in two hostile groups, based on regional affiliation?, % Source: Razumkov Centre, 2012 Kateryna Yakovenko

How should Ukraine co-exist with the uncontrolled territories of Donbas, %? Source: Razumkov Centre, 2016 Kateryna Yakovenko

What is “DNR” and “LNR”?, % Source: Razumkov Centre, 2016 Kateryna Yakovenko

Legitimacy of the Ukrainian state Sub-type of legitimacy Indicator Qualitative measurement Attitude/Behaviour Constitutive/substitutive Views of legality Evaluation of state respect for individual human rights State is unwilling and incapable to protect individual human rights Attitude Constitutive Confidence in police Extremely low confidence in state police and law enforcement agencies; predator policing. Substitutive Confidence in civil service Minimal confidence in civil service and justice system Views of justification Satisfaction with democratic development Low satisfaction with democratic development Evaluation of current political system Current political system does not reflect the preferences of the people Satisfaction with operation of democracy Very low satisfaction with operation of democracy Use of violence in civil protest Political violence is present and exercised by both the population and the state Behaviour Crime-levels High crime-rates, with major outbursts in 2003 and 2012 The Orange Revolution and Euromaidan Absence of support for basic regime principles and no confidence in state institutions Both Acts of consent Voter turnout Mostly negative temporal dynamics of electoral participation, though only 1 election had a participation rate below 50% Quasi-voluntary taxes Extreme problems with collecting taxes, with shadow economy representing around 50% of the state’s GDP Kateryna Yakovenko