P4 : Stellar system formation and life appearance conditions Expression of interest Call of interest Hyper-Emblematic project P2IO

Stellar and Planetary Formation Explaining the formation of stars and planetary systems is one of the fundamental challenges of modern astrophysics. The processes involved are numerous, coupled and multi-scale. A better description would allow a better understanding of many aspects in modern astrophysics. Key question to be answered: How do stars form? Do we understand stellar structure and evolution? What is the life-cycle of the interstellar medium and stars? How do planetary systems form and evolve? What is the diversity of planetary systems across the Galaxy? Is there any evidence for life on exoplanets? Keywords: Structure and dynamics, Radiation, Magnetic fields,… From interstellar medium to stellar and planetary formation sites. Potential teams involved at P2IO: DAp/AIM, IAS, CSNSM, IPNO,… AMI P4 - P2IO – 15 nov. 2017

Stellar and Planetary Formation Each P2IO team is involved in some of these topics Following different approaches: Instrumentation, multi-wavelength observations (including granted time in many facilities), laboratory experiments simulating the micro-physics of astrophysical environments, numerical simulations, modelling, theory, … Being at the state of the art of each topic Objectives of the project: To create an exceptional pole combining all the skills at P2IO AIM, IAS, CSNSM, IPNO, … To coordinate the different approaches within all the teams Focus on selected questions Improve the synergies Increase the international visibility of P2IO E.g. observations of one team used to constrain numerical simulations of another one AMI P4 - P2IO – 15 nov. 2017

… Stellar and Planetary Formation Artemis/APEX NIKA2/IRAM Alma JWST Hayabusa-2 JWST XMM VISIR/VLT Euclid Juice SPICA (Alma, Artemis/APEX, NIKA2/IRAM, XMM, VISIR/VLT, JWST, Hayabusa-2, etc.) et futurs (JUICE, Euclid, ELT, SPICA, etc). ELT Ariel … AMI P4 - P2IO – 15 nov. 2017

Numerical simulations Stellar and Planetary Formation Complementary approaches inside P2IO Observations Multi wavelength: from X to submillimeter What observables are needed to trace the physical conditions and evolution of interstellar matter in galaxies?     What steps lead to global formation?   How is the gas dissipated?   How are the grains incorporated in the discs? The formation of the solar system and its evolution is exceptional or general? Numerical simulations Dynamics of a magnetized material (gas & grains) Role of the radiative transfer from diffuse interstellar medium to stellar and planetary formation sites? Instabilities, turbulence, transport of angular momentum and magnetic flux Protoplanetary disks: dynamics of charged grains and growth towards planetesimals Laboratory experiments Dominant processes of grain production, growth and fragmentation?   Role of irradiation (by photons or cosmic rays) on grain properties and their coupling to gas?   To extract the solar system archives contained in the extra-terrestrial samples collected and analysed What is the chemical composition of the nebula and how are the elements distributed? AMI P4 - P2IO – 15 nov. 2017

Stellar and Planetary Formation These synergies are not artificial. Teams are complementary P4 teams are already working together But at a small scale Example of on-going collaborations at P2IO: a 6 weeks international workshop (AIM, IAS & CSNSM) Formation, collapse and fragmentation of dense cores Evolution of protoplanetary discs including: the origin of the angular momentum transport the dynamics of gas and dust the growth from grains to planetesimals Solar nebulae constituents: Study grains and meteorites from a dynamical and chemical perspectives Formation, collapse and fragmentation of dense cores Evolution of protoplanetary discs The solar nebulae constituents Website : https://www.ias.u-psud.fr/core2disk/ AMI P4 - P2IO – 15 nov. 2017

Stellar and Planetary Formation Hyper-Emblematic project at P2IO on this P4 discipline is: Improve and further develop the synergies between the teams Necessary to extract the best science at P2IO Focus on given selected objectives Increase the international visibility Increase the return of investment Timely: Many new facilities being developed or starting operations State of the art knowledge in each team that provide input or interpretations to the science done in another group The key questions that could be treated can impact many other disciplines in modern astrophysics Soutenir structuration et les equipes pour pouvoir aller chercher des projets plus grands Formation, collapse and fragmentation of dense cores Evolution of protoplanetary discs The solar nebulae constituents AMI P4 - P2IO – 15 nov. 2017