Overview of Ancient Greece 1. Geography – Where it located? What is its climate? What land forms does it have? What kind of animals and plants are there? How did geography impact people? How did people impact the geography? 2. Religion – What did they believe? Why did they believe it? Who were their deities or gods? 3. Government – How did people organize themselves? What types of government did they have? Who was allowed to participate in government? 4. Architecture – What are some common buildings or structures? What are some famous buildings? What are some building styles? 5. Entertainment – What sports did they have? What did they do for fun? 6. Social life – What did they wear? What were the roles of women, men, and children? How did they educate people? Who were some famous people and why are they famous? 7. Contributions - In what ways has ancient Greece civilization influenced the world today ?

1. Greece is located on what continent. 2 1. Greece is located on what continent? 2. Describe its geography – major landforms and climate. 3. How did people adapt to the geography? 4. You will also need to know how to read directions & distances on a map

What is the appropriate distance from Mt. Olympus to Sparta? 300 km b. 200 km 100 d. 60 km If you traveled from Sparta to Athens, in which direction would you go? Northwest b. Southeast West d. Northeast What is the name of the body of water on the west coast of Greece? Sea of Crete b. Ionian Sea Aegean Sea d. Mediterranean Sea 4. Where did the ancient Greeks think that their gods lived? Athens b. Mt. Parnassus c. Crete d. Mt. Olympus

What do olives & grapes have to do with Ancient Greece? How does this picture show an impact that geography made on the people of Greece?

What is polytheism? Monotheism? What is a myth? 3. Can you name and recognize the main Olympian gods & goddesses? Where did the Greeks believe their gods lived? Recall a few of the famous Greek stories we discussed in class – Daedalus & Icarus, The Trojan Horse, How Athens Got its Name

Where is Hermes? What does he do? Where is the king of the gods? What’s his name? The capital of Greece is named after her… Where is the goddess of wisdom? Where is Hephaestus? If you wanted help with love and romance, You would visit Aphrodite’s temple. Find her. Where is Poseidon?

In ancient times, Greece was not a country; it was a collection of independent city-states. What is the Greek name for city state? Compare & contrast the city-states of Athens and Sparta. What kind of government is a monarchy? An oligarchy? A democracy? Who was allowed to vote in Athenian democracy? Who was not?

Who had the better army? Who had the better navy? Who allowed women more freedoms? Who had slavery? Who had better architecture (buildings and structures)? Who had walls around their city-state? Who had a better system of education? Why? Who has the story of Marathon in their history? Who has the story of King Leonidas in their history? Who took care of children better? Why? Who had oligarchy (rule by a small group) as their government?

What was the fanciest or more decorated column called? What does acropolis mean? What is the one of the most famous and recognizable buildings in Greece Called? What was the busiest part of most Greek city-states, where people shopped, and socialized, called?

Central Library in Indy US Capitol Building in DC World War Memorial in Indy The White House in DC Parthenon, Athens, Greece The Lincoln Memorial DC

What were the two types of Greek plays called? How were they different? The Olympic Games originally were held every 4 years to honor what God? What is a discus? A javelin? Plays were held in outdoor theaters, called Amphitheaters. Going to plays was one of few events that women could attend. The Greeks believed that plays could actually cure some illnesses of heart and mind!

In ancient Greece, theatre was a really big deal In ancient Greece, theatre was a really big deal. Crowds of 15,000 people would gather to see a play. Theatre was so important to the ancient Greeks that prisoners would be released from jail temporarily, so they could also attend.  Every town had at least one theatre. Part of the reason plays were so important is that originally plays were performed to honor Dionysus, the ancient Greek god of harvest and wine. Sophocles was a famous ancient Greek playwright. He wrote 120 plays, some are still performed today! What do you know about the ancient Olympics? The marathon (a long distance race of a little over 26 Miles) was not run in the ancient Olympics, but it does come from Greek history. Athenians had won a major battle against the invading Persians. They sent a runner to Athens to inform them of this incredible victory. He ran from the battlefield in Marathon to Athens, over 26 miles, delivered his message, and then dropped dead!

Men ran the government, and spent a great deal of their time away from home. When not involved in politics, the men spent time in the fields, overseeing or working the crops, sailing, hunting, in manufacturing or in trade.  With the exception of women in ancient Sparta, Greek women had very limited freedom outside the home. Their job was to run the house, make the clothes, and bear children.  Most Greek women did not do housework themselves. Most Greek households had slaves. Greeks wore sandals and a one piece tunic, a linen tunic for warm weather and a wool one for winter.

Homer wrote down the many stories that had been told for years. He wrote the two famous epic poems called the Iliad and The Odyssey Socrates , the father of philosophy, taught Greeks to think for themselves and to use reason and logic to solve problems Plato, a student of Socrates, started one of the first universities and is considered on of the greatest philosophers ever. Aristotle, a student of Plato, tutored on of the world’s most famous conquerors, Alexander the Great, and made great contributions to the field of biology. Euclid and Pythagorus are known for their contribution to a branch of math called geometry. Alexander the Great, a king from Macedonia, conquered a great majority of the world before the age of 30. He never lost a battle , and built cities, libraries, and spread Greek culture around the world.

The ancient Greeks contributed much to Western civilization The ancient Greeks contributed much to Western civilization. Their achievements in art, philosophy, history, and science shaped the growth of Western civilization. Democracy, myths, and the Olympics all began with the ancient Greeks. Most notable among their contributions would be that of their philosophy. The Greeks believed that the human mind was capable of understanding everything. The Greeks believed that healthy bodies made the best use of nature's gift. This is why Greek man who could afford leisure time spent most of all of their afternoons in the gymnasium practicing sports or working out to help move their bodies. Our love of Greek architecture and use of statues is obvious. Most buildings in our nation's capital also have Greek characteristics. For example, the Lincoln Memorial in Washington was modeled after the famous Greek Building the Parthenon. Our ideas about democracy began with the Greeks, and so do the concept of trial by jury. Our language is influenced by the Greeks, as is our literature and drama.