ISS Ham ARISSat-1 Payload Safety Review Panel Technical Interchange Meeting October 29, 2009

SuitSat-1 History SuitSat-1/Radioskaf-1 was a simple satellite made from a surplus Russian Orlan spacesuit fitted with a single beacon amateur radio transmitter that ran on Russian spacesuit batteries. It had no capability to receive commands and was destined to live only a short while because it had no solar panels to replenish its batteries. Primary mission Voice message Commemorating the 175thAnniversary of Bauman state University Moscow. This included audio greetings from Energia, Bauman State University, ARISS Europe, ARISS Canada, ARISS U.S.A., ARISS Japan A CD ROM with photos contributed from schools around the world. Secondary mission SSTV images of Earth and Station Amateur operations Packet ops Beacon Earth sensor test data Gather real space operating data and experience on several candidate sensors for Eagle. SuitSat-1/Radioskaf-1 caught the attention and fascination of the world, garnering a large amount of newspaper, magazine, radio and TV reporting. Even more importantly, SuitSat-1 captured the imagination of students and schools! SuitSat/Radioskaf-1 attracted nearly 10 million hits to the Suitsat website during its mission! Plans were developed to produce a second SuitSat/Radioskaf. SuitSat-2/Radioskaf-2 was based on SuitSat-1 successes but with enhancements, such as amateur radio transponders.

ARISSat-1 History Due to storage considerations on the International Space Station, the two surplus Orlan space suits in storage on the International Space Station were discarded via the Progress Cargo Vessel. One of these suits was to be used to house the electronics for the upcoming SuitSat-2 mission where the batteries were to be mounted inside the suit, solar panels attached to the extremities with the electronics, video cameras and antenna mounted on the helmet by the ISS crew prior to deployment during an EVA. The ARISS International Team was informed that there is still space available for shipment of the SuitSat-2 electronics on the projected cargo flight to the Space Station in January 2010 and the EVA scheduled for April 2010 still has a 'SuitSat-2' deployment scheduled.  The AMSAT team developing SuitSat-2 electronics on behalf of ARISS International is focusing on completing development in anticipation that deployment will still take place in Spring 2010 using a new structure to house it. In addition, the experiment being developed by Russia's Kursk State University is still expected to be integrated into the electronics once the US produced equipment is delivered to Russia.

Suitsat 1 Ready for Deployment

ARISSat-1 Planned Mission and Capabilities Primary Mission Commemorative and Educational Voice Messages. Includes audio greetings from Energia, ARISS Europe, ARISS Canada, ARISS U.S.A., ARISS Japan Secondary Mission Kursk University Experiment Testbed for systems planned for future Amateur radio satellites Amateur operations CW ID ARISS Callsigns Packet ops Transponder SSTV Images of Earth and Station

The Proposed Plan Enhance Suitsat-1 design Re-use safety interlock circuit with update for Solar panels Transmitter and Receiver Module IHU Module Control Panel same as Suitsat-1 Solar Panels New Power Module for Solar Panels Up to Four Experiments Temperature, Voltage, and Current Telemetry Up to Four cameras for SSTV

Future Concept Testbed Use as a test bed for new concepts for future Amateur Radio Satellites. Power System Max power point converters for solar panel Distributed Converters Distributed Storage system Software Defined Radio (SDR) Prototype Educational Balloon Flights Additional experiments

SSTV SSTV Four video ports No power until switched on just before data take. Four U.S. Supplied No blank video Processor examines video and skips if no image present

Radio Module Radio SDR prototype Multimode SSB Crossband (U/V) Transponder repeater Telemetry beacon CW BPSK Multiple signals simultaneously

Experiments Four Experiment ports Kursk University Experiment Measure vacuum environment in vicinity of satellite Experiment sampled once per orbit Experiment must run on +5V ≤ 100ma Experiment powered for 90 min/orbit Collect up to 2k of data Then 2k of data downloaded to IHU for 2 seconds, then Exp powered down Data transmitted in BPSK data stream with Telemetry

ARISSat-1 Subsystems Major Subsystem Modules and Changes from Suitsat-1: Safety circuit and arming switches - now mounted to the structure +Z surface IHU enclosure - re-engineered to allow better cable connection and placement IHU - Integrated Housekeeping Unit - the main computer stays the same SDX - Software Defined Transponder - stays the same PSU - Power Supply Unit - board separated into Max Power Point Tracker boards and Power Supply board ICB - Interconnect Board - re-laid out the circuit board to adapt the connectors to new enclosure layout TX and RX modules - simply separated from the video enclosure and antenna 2m/70cm antenna - separated and re-designed, changed to two monopole antennas Video cameras - separated from the helmet enclosure and mounted to the structure Russian Ag-Zn battery - now mounted to a plate and inserted into the structure Kursk State University Experiment - now mounted to the satellite structure Solar Panels - the six panels are now on all sides of the structure

ARISSat-1 Block Diagram

ARISSat-1 System Diagram

Power Diagram

ARISSat-1 General View

ARISSat-1 General View with Covers

ARISSat-1 General View Interior

ARISSat-1 Assembly

ARISSat-1 Assembly

ARISSat-1 Progress Interface

ARISSat-1 Progress Interface

ARISSat-1 Structure Assembly Step One

ARISSat-1 Structure Assembly Step Two

ARISSat-1 with Solar Panel Covers Top Iso View

ARISSat-1 with Solar Panel Covers Bottom Iso View

Inhibits for Solar Panel Covers Six Covers: 18” x 9.75” x 1/8” thick (469.9 x 247.65 x 3.17 mm) aluminum 3 inhibits: Four T-handle quick-release pins with lanyards Velcro straps around Covers Velcro squares to Solar Panel

+Y Solar Panel Cover Exterior (some details vary panel to panel) Finger Loop Finger Loop Loop Loop Fabric Strap Velcro Pouch or flap To store T-handle Quick-release pins Velcro Loop Loop Fabric Strap Finger Loop Finger Loop

Solar Panel Cover Interior Hooks Hooks Hooks Hooks Hooks Hooks Hooks Hooks Hooks Hooks

Solar Panel Exterior

Covers Are Strapped Together +Z -Y +X +Y -X -Z

Cover Procedure 1. (IVA) Remove all or half of the 4 pins per each of 6 Covers. Place pins in respective Panel’s pouch or under flap. 2. Exit through Hatch. 3. (EVA) Remove remaining 2 pins per each of 6 Covers (if required). Place in respective Cover’s pouch or under flap. 4. Remove long strap holding +Z Top Cover. Do not remove the 2 short straps which form hinge. 5. Pull +Z Top Cover (additional velcro), rotate, and secure back-to-back against adjacent Side Cover. 6. Remove long strap holding –Z Bottom Cover. Do not remove the 2 short straps which form hinge. 7. Pull –Z Bottom Cover (additional velcro), rotate, and secure back-to-back against adjacent Side Cover. 8. Release ends of straps holding Side Covers (the overlap is at corner –X –Y). 9. Pull Side Cover (additional velcro), rotate and secure back-to-back against adjacent side Cover. 10. Repeat step 9 for remaining side Covers.

Solar Power System NASA supplied. Surplus from previous NASA SMEX (SMall EXplorer) satellite program. Charge the surplus ISS Russian Space Suit (now ARISSat) batteries.

SMEX Solar Panel

Safety Circuit The ARISSat-1 Safety Circuit is in place to protect crew from possible hazards. The two major functions this circuit helps perform are: power isolation and block RF transmission until the suit is far enough away from any EVA crew to pose any hazards The system will prevent RF transmission and battery charging for approximately 15 minutes after the switches are thrown.

Functional Overview The Safety Circuit is controlled by the Safety Switch box. The Switch box is the Crew interface to ARISSat-1. Consists of three switches and several LEDs Each switch enables a stage in the protection system. For ARISSat to be fully operational, a specific amount of time has to elapse after the throwing of all three switches.

Changes from Suitsat 1 This circuit performs the same basic functions as the Safety Circuit on Suitsat 1, but with several improvements and functional additions: An interface to the Suitsat2 Command Decoder was added, allowing the entire system to be reset via a ground station command. Support for Solar Panel power inputs was added. Separate power supply controls were implemented to allow Suitsat 2 to take pictures of the Crew and International Space Station as the satellite is pushed off. This includes the 25 second timer, which is used for both the Command Receiver and initial power on. The ESD robustness was improved significantly. Power consumption of just the safety circuit was dropped from approximately 90mW on Suitsat 1 to approximately 2.5mW. Out of spec conditions present on the Suitsat 1 safety circuit were eliminated. Separate Oscillators were implemented for both Timer1 and Timer 2

ARISSat-1 Safety Switch Box

Safety Box Block Diagram

Inhibits and Controls Power Switch RF Enable Enable Timer 1 Isolate battery and solar panels Power to safety timers RF Enable Enable Timer 1 Timer 1 – 8 minutes System timer – 25 seconds Powers Integrated Housekeeping Unit, Power Supply Unit, and Command Decoder Allows video Enable Timer 2 8 minutes Crew activated Enable push to talk Command Decoder SDX Push to Talk Power via IHU

Timer Sequence

Power Switch and Isolation Relays

Isolation Relay States

LED Description

LED Description LED1: 28V Power (Yellow) LED2: T1 Counting (Yellow) When lit, Indicates that the power switch has been turned on and power is supplied to the safety circuit and the PSU. LED2: T1 Counting (Yellow) When blinking, indicates that Timer1 is operating and counting off time LED3: T2 Enabled (Yellow) When blinking, indicates that Timer 2 is enabled. The time interval will not yet be started if Timer1 has not completed yet LED4: T1 Safe (Green) Lit when the Timer 1 Switch is in the Safe Position LED5: T2 Safe (Green) Lit when the Timer 2 Switch is in the Safe Position LED10: PTT Safe (Green) Lit when the Push to Talk line to the RF transmitter is not activated. LED6: Solar Safe (Green) Lit when the Solar panels are isolated from the main power bus, if power is supplied to the safety circuit LED7: RF Power (Red) Lit when the power is supplied to the RF Transmitter. LED8: IHU (Yellow) Lit when the IHU has indicated that is up and operating by turning on the PSU’s 8V output LED9: PSU (Yellow) Lit when the PSU is generating +5V for the system from the 28V bus

Suitsat 2 IHU and Core Module

SuitSat-2 Internal Housekeeping Unit (IHU) Block Diagram SD Card To Power Controller SPI I2C 16MB SDRAM CPLD Microcontroller PMP SPI To SDX I2C Video Input Processor RS-485 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 To Cameras To Experiments

SuitSat-2 Software Defined Transponder (SDX) Block Diagram QSD CODEC dsPIC33F IF IN 10.7 MHz IF SPI to IHU QSE IF OUT I Q LO 42.8 MHz LO

Suitsat 2 SDX

ARISSat-1 Control Panel

Suitsat 1 Antenna

ARISSat-1 Receiver

ARISSat-1 Receiver

ARISSat-1 Receiver

ARISSat-1 Transmitter

ARISSat-1 Transmitter

Hazard Analysis Potential Hazards Structures Electrical Circuits Battery Charging Mating/Demating Powered Connectors RF Transmission IVA/EVA Operations Sharp Edges

Crew Safety Sharp Edge Protection All components designed to meet sharp edge safety requirements Inspection for all external parts Temperature Extremes No hot/cold sources No pinch points

Materials Comply with MSFC –SPEC-522 Non-flammable Offgassing tests Materials list reviewed by GSFC Materials Branch

Batteries To be installed on orbit

Hazard Reports JSC 1230 Standard Hazard Report Unique Hazard Reports RF Transmission Recontact