Psychoactive Drugs Mrs. Vogel Health 10-12

Effects of Psychoactive Drugs The central nervous system controls every human activity. Psychoactive Drugs- chemicals that affect the central nervous system and alter activity in the brain, change the functioning of the CNS. Four main groups of psychoactive drugs: Stimulants Depressants Opiates Hallucinogens

Effects of Psychoactive Drugs Some psychoactive drugs have medical value, (prescribed by a doctor). When psychoactive drugs are misused and abused, a person’s health and the functioning of all the body systems are seriously affected. This can damage a teen’s developing brain and body

Consequences of Psychoactive Drug Use Can result in health problems and addiction Using psychoactive drugs can often lead to Poor judgment and behavior Unintentional injuries Violence STDs Unintended pregnancy Suicide Choosing a drug-free life can protect your health

Club Drugs, Stimulants, and Depressants Club drug- describes drugs found at concerts, dance clubs, and drug parties called raves These drugs can be disguised in foods, and slipped into drinks and taken without a person’s knowledge Many club drugs are designer drugs Designer Drugs- synthetic drugs that are made to imitate the effects of other drugs. Can be stronger than the drugs they imitate

Designer Drugs Bath Salts Ivory Wave, Purple Wave, Vanilla Sky, Bliss, Bolivian Bath The ingredients to make bath salts are illegal to purchase, sell, have possession Agitation, paranoia, hallucinations, chest pain, suicidality, high blood pressure and increase pulse How it is consumed: snort it, injection, mix with food and drinks

Designer Drugs Bath Salts continue It is Illegal? Banned in many states, Federal Law has to make it a “schedule 1 drug” (have no medical purpose and highly addictive). McMillen, M. (n.d.). 'bath salts' drug trend: Expert q&a. Retrieved from http://www.webmd.com/mental-health/features/bath-salts-drug-dangers

Club Drugs/ Ecstasy (MDMA) Has both stimulant and hallucinogenic effects Hallucinogens- are drugs that alter moods, thoughts, and sense perceptions, including vision, hearing, smell, and touch Ecstasy may cause short-term Euphoria Euphoria- a feeling of intense well-being or elation

Club Drugs/ Rohypnol (roofies) Depressants- drugs that tend to slow the central nervous system. Also known as the “Date-rape Drug” Unwanted physical contact, unplanned pregnancies and exposure to HIV and STDs can result. It’s illegal to give a person a drug without him/her knowledge Engaging in sexual activity with a person under the influence of a date-rape drug is a criminal offense

Club Drug/ GHB GHB= Gamma Hydroxybutyric acid Depressant to the CNS It is a clear liquid, a white powder, and in a variety of tablets and capsules. Can be used as a date-rape drug

Club Drug/ Ketamine Anesthetic used to treat animals Causes hallucinations and may result in respiratory failure

Club Drug/ Meth Meth= Methamphetamine Is a stimulant Stimulant- drugs that speed up the central nervous system Meth is a white odorless powder that can be dissolved in alcohol and water Meth may provide short-term feelings of euphoria, but causes depression, paranoia, delusions, and death

Club Drug/ Meth One common effect of meth use is the delusion of bugs crawling on the user’s skin. As a result, many meth users scratch and pick at their skin until they develop sores.

Club Drug/ LSD (Acid) LSD (Acid)= Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD) Cause hallucinations, distorted perception of sound and color. Flashbacks- states in which a drug user experiences the emotional effects of a drug long after its actual use. Can experience emotions from extreme euphoria, to panic, to terror, or deep depression. The resulting behaviors can lead to serious injury or death

Other Stimulants Nicotine products Caffeine Coffee Tea Cola (pop) Power drinks Energy or power drinks contain 4-10 times the amount of caffeine as a regular-sized cola. Other dangerous stimulants include: cocaine, amphetamines, and meth

Cocaine Addictive stimulant Using cocaine is illegal May experience a surge of self-confidence and euphoria followed by an emotional letdown Cause depression, fatigue, paranoia, and physiological dependence, malnutrition, and especially in teens may result in cardiac arrest When injected users risk on contracting HIV or hepatitis B. Overdose may result in death

Crack Crack= rock or freebase rock Crack reaches the brain seconds before being smoked or injected Once in the blood causes heart rate and blood pressure to rise at dangerous levels Death may result from cardiac arrest or respiratory failure Mixing crack with alcohol can be fatal Both substances combine in the liver, increasing the risk of liver failure

Amphetamines Highly addictive Some people use amphetamines to stay alert, improve athletic performance, or to lose weight. Can result in an irregular heartbeat, paranoia, behavior, and heart failure

Other Depressants Barbiturates Tranquilizers rarely used for medical purposes Can cause mood changes, excessive sleepiness, and coma Combining barbiturates and alcohol can be fatal Tranquilizers Relieve anxiety, muscle spasms, sleeplessness and nervousness When overused, can cause physiological and psychological dependence, coma, and death

Hallucinogens Hallucinogens can cause serious mental/emotional and physical consequences for users. These drugs alter mood, impair judgment, thoughts, sense perception May believe he/she is invincible Using these drugs can cause increase heart and respiratory rates, which can lead to heart and respiratory failure. Hallucinogens have no medical use

Hallucinogens Powerful and dangerous hallucinogens Ecstasy Ketamine Acid (LSD) PCP (angel dust) DXM Mushrooms Bath Salts

Hallucinogens Overload the sensory controls in the brain, causing confusion, intensified sensations and hallucinogens The altered mental states caused by hallucinogens can last several hours or days. Experience flashbacks (causing pain, confusion, and lack of control) Users sometimes harm themselves physically, or behave violently and harm others.

PCP or Angel Dust One of the most dangerous of all drugs The drug creates a distorted sense of time, increased muscle strength, increased feelings of violence, and the inability to feel pain. Overdose can cause death; mainly all PCP deaths are caused by destructive behavior or disorientation. Example: PCP users have died in fires because they become disoriented and had no sensitivity to the pain of burning.

Mushrooms Found in nature as fungus and a plant Causes hallucinations, nausea, and flashbacks Use of these drugs can lead to poisoning and death.

Opiates Opiates (narcotics)- are drugs such as those derived from the opium plant that are obtainable by prescription and are used to relieve pain. Examples: morphine, oxycodone, codeine When used according to the directions provided by the health care professional they are an effective pain reliever.

This is an addictive drug Opiates When abused: Dull the senses Causes drowsiness Constipation Slow and shallow breathing Convulsions Coma Death This is an addictive drug

Codeine Highly addictive ingredient in some prescription cough medicines Medicine should not be taken before driving Causes: drowsiness, dizziness, labored breathing, low blood pressure, seizures, and respiratory arrest. Codeine has been linked to death in infants or small children If someone you know is experiencing a problem after taking codeine call 911 IMMEDIATELY!

Morphine Sometimes prescribed to treat severe pain, but used only for a short time. Side effects: Fast or slow heartbeat Seizures Hallucinations Blurred vision Rashes Difficulty swallowing

Heroin Processed from morphine. Injected, snorted, or smoked Comes in many forms a white or brownish powder, and black sticky tar Dealers may mix with household substances ex: cheese or cheese heroin.

Heroin Can Cause: Slows breathing and pulse rate Infection of the heart lining and valves Liver disease HIV Hepatitis B Coma Death

Oxycodone Used under the supervision of a doctor, this is a prescription drug that help relieve moderate to severe chronic pain. Often referred to by OxyContin Side Effects: Suppression of respiratory system which can cause death