P. Ericksen, A. Notenbaert, L. Merbold, L. Robinson Environment Flagship P. Ericksen, A. Notenbaert, L. Merbold, L. Robinson ISC meeting, December 2017 Nairobi

A. Flagship logic

Rationale for new flagship on livestock and environment Negative OECD narrative undermining livestock development Limited data from CGIAR mandate countries Unexploited potential for environmental benefits that also improve productivity Climate change adaptation rising up the agenda

Impact: reduced environment footprint and enhanced ecosystem services with adaptation to climate change Outcome: Technology developers, line ministry staff and development donors consider environmental impact of livestock production. Outcome: Development partners use tested solutions to increase livestock productivity in spite of environmental change. Outcome: National partners promote environmental management of livestock production.

Impact: reduced environment footprint and enhanced ecosystem services with adaptation to climate change Outcome: Households adopt gender responsive environmental management options. Outcome: Government agencies design and implement policies to improve environmental management. Outcome: Evidence generated by the flagship influences key global livestock agendas.

B. CoA and product lines

CoA 1: Assess environmental sustainability and adaptability production technologies Assessments of risks and opportunities arising from GEC Impacts climate change, water demand, biodiversity loss, land degradation for productivity interventions 2 . Quantification of environmental footprints technology packages Ex-ante impact assessment framework developed Different footprints quantified as best-bet technologies are developed Page title minimum of 30 points and maximum of two lines Main point 6 point smaller than slide title Bullet points 4 point less than main point Font type is Calibri It is advised in one slide maximum 6 bullets We recommend you use images on slides You can change partner logos on front page You have to duplicate this slide for more inside pages

CoA 2: Optimize natural resource use and enhance the provision of ecosystem services Improved environmental management options tested and evaluated Packages of interventions for reducing GHG emissions intensities Packages of interventions for restoring degraded rangelands Packages of interventions for optimizing livestock and water interactions Tools and interventions to empower women and youth Interventions sensitive to needs of women and youth rolled out Tools to empower women and youth support their greater engagement Page title minimum of 30 points and maximum of two lines Main point 6 point smaller than slide title Bullet points 4 point less than main point Font type is Calibri It is advised in one slide maximum 6 bullets We recommend you use images on slides You can change partner logos on front page You have to duplicate this slide for more inside pages

CoA 3: Develop and support improved institutions/ governance mechanisms for environmental solutions Improvements in land tenure / land management Toolkit for rangeland governance and land use planning Land tenure and land management processes/ protocols advised and improved Key enabling policies developed Progress towards climate change targets in livestock sector National rangeland policy implementation supported 3. Support PES schemes: Schemes implemented in 3 countries 4. Inform global agenda: Key paper and brief each year for targeted agenda Page title minimum of 30 points and maximum of two lines Main point 6 point smaller than slide title Bullet points 4 point less than main point Font type is Calibri It is advised in one slide maximum 6 bullets We recommend you use images on slides You can change partner logos on front page You have to duplicate this slide for more inside pages

Value Proposition for Key Product Lines Livestock technologies environmentally sustainable Analyses of productivity- environment tradeoffs Technology developers, decision makers Reliable information to improve technology choices Environmental footprint livestock reduced Validated interventions Development projects, national ministries Fills a gap Environmental solutions supported with institutions Institutional innovations, policy guidance Government decision makers Ensures enabling environment

Figure 2.4a Livestock and the Environment Flagship theory of change Cluster 1: Assessing environmental sustainability and adaptability of production technologies Novel approaches for ex-ante environmental assessment are widely adopted by extension systems, development partners and government agencies to identify win-win options E1,4 Environmental concerns are considered in decision-making by national & international development partners, government agencies and extension systems, including technology developers seeking to improve cattle, small ruminant and pig production Gender and age differentiated assessment of risks and opportunities arising from GEC A1 Land, water and forest degradation (including deforestation) minimized and reversed 1 E1,5,6 A3,7 Technology developers take environmental issues into account in their research priority setting Framework for assessing multiple environmental footprints for specific packages of technologies and interventions. A17,18 E1,5,6 E1 1 Increased resilience of agro-ecosystems and communities, especially those including smallholders Quantification of environmental impacts guides the development and selection of productivity-enhancing options by research and development partners Quantification of environmental footprints of packages of technology interventions. Targeted solutions are used by research and development partners to sustainably increase productivity of cattle, small ruminants and pigs in the face of on-going environmental changes. A1,2 A3,6,7,8,9, 10,11,12 Cluster 2: Optimize natural resource use and enhance the provision of ecosystem services A2 E4 More productive and equitable management of natural resources 4 A1,2 Quantification of environmental benefits leads to selection and further development of management options by partners A3,4,5,7 Government agencies and development partners at local and national levels are promoting environmental management options Improved environmental management options identified and tested with environmental benefits quantified. E1,3 Reduced net greenhouse gas emissions from agriculture, forests and other forms of land use Role of women and young people in fostering environmental management promoted and strengthened across communities and with development partners. Tools and interventions to empower women and youth as agents of change for environmental management developed. E4 3 Gender responsive environmental management options that are well adapted to Global Environmental Change (GEC) are adopted by households (women & youth) A1,8 A10 Cluster 3: Develop and support improved institutions and other governance mechanisms for environmental solutions E1,4 Technologies that reduce women’s labour and energy expenditure developed and disseminated 4 Improvements in land tenure to improve land use management for reducing land degradation. National government agencies, make Improvements in land tenure arrangements for reduced land degradation A14 E4 A15 National government agencies design and implement key policies to improve the management of the environment and livestock systems Key enabling policies for water, GHG and biodiversity developed (synthesized policy options = Output) E2 A7,8 Improved capacity of women and youth to participate in decision-making A3,4,5 Communities and development actors pilot payments for ecosystem services Develop and support implementation of viable PES schemes A13 Inform the global livestock and environment agenda A16 E1,4,5 1,4 Evidence generated by the flagship influences key global livestock agendas (IPCC, Global agenda for Sustainable Livestock) Agricultural systems diversified and intensified in ways that protect soils and water Research outputs Research & (near) development outcomes Sub-IDOs (Sphere of control) (Sphere of influence) (Sphere of influence →→interest)

Main Outputs & Milestones PL 1: Livestock Technologies Environmentally Sustainable Main Activity Main Outputs & Milestones 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 Quantify GEC risks/ opportunities Key activities and outputs   1)Assess impacts climate change on livestock systems/ technologies Discovery 2) Assess tradeoffs of risks versus interventions by age, gender Delivery 3) Framework used to assess sustainability of interventions Milestones A) Framework for assessing footprint tested x  B) Technology developers and decision makers consider environmental issues  x X C)Approaches for ex-ante impact assessment widely adopted D). Targeted solutions used in 10 countries x Main output: Quantified footprint of best bet technologies under scenarios of climate change To implement it: Key W3/bilateral projects SAIRLA: Ethiopia, Burkina LIVEGAPS: global W1/2 activities: Activity 1, Tanzania, Rwanda, Uganda Activity 2: East/ S. Africa Activity 3: Burkina, Ethiopia, Nicaragua, Kenya Who is involved: Lead scientists: An Notenbaert, Mark van Wijk CRP partners: CIAT, LAFS Collaborators: WUR, ICRAF, CSIRO

Product line 1: Livestock technologies environmentally sustainable. Main Activity 2017 Deliverables Status Quantify GEC risks and opportunities 1) Framework for env. Footprint tested two countries Completed 2) Research paper on gender and other social differences  Delayed 3) Assessments environmental risks key technologies (1)   What we learned: heat stress the first cc impact; rangeland degradation. Next promising technology is forages. Main Activity 2018 Deliverables Budget Quantify GEC risks and opportunities 1) Recommend forage intensification options 150K 2) More tradeoff analysis including gender (w/ LAFS) 200K 3) Second technology case study 100K  

Main Outputs & Milestones PL 2: Improved environmental management options tested and evaluated Main Activity Main Outputs & Milestones 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 Testing management options across contexts; measuring impact Key activities and outputs   1)Assess and pilot rangeland restoration practices Discovery Delivery  2) GHG baselines and testing of interventions Discovery  Delivery 3) ?? Water and/ or biodiversity footprints  Discovery Milestones A) Emissions from three livestock systems assessed x  B) Selection of rangeland and LED strategies implemented in 3 countries, 6 countries  x X C) Interventions for water or biodiversity piloted D) Emissions from additional livestock systems assessed Main output: Tested interventions taken to scale To implement it: Key W3/bilateral projects EC/IFAD Drylands Restoration GIZ / BMZ funds USAID W1/2 activities: Activity 1, Kenya/ Ethiopia Activity 2: Kenya, Tanzania, Ethiopia Activity 3: ?? Who is involved: Lead scientists: Lutz Merbold, Jason Sircely, Mounir Louhachi, Rolf Sommers CRP partners: CIAT, ICARDA Collaborators: CCAFS, KIT, CIFOR, WLE

Product line 1: Improved environmental management options Main Activity 2017 Deliverables Status Quantify environmental impact 1) Emissions measured for 3 systems Completed 2) Research reports rangeland restoration  Completed 3) Interventions for drought resilience Ongoing   What we learned: Emissions are different in LMIC countries; rangeland restoration can be successful Main Activity 2018 Deliverables Budget Quantify GEC risks and opportunities 1) Test sustainable rangeland management in 4 countries 500 K 2) Publish GHG emissions factors for Kenya (w/ CCAFS) 300 K 3) Water footprint analysis 80K 4) Interventions for drought resilience 400K   Next challenge is measuring impact and lessons to go to scale.

Main Outputs & Milestones PL 3: Tools to empower / engage women and youth in environmental mangement Main Activity Main Outputs & Milestones 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 Develop and pilot tools Key activities and outputs   1) Identify key issues constraining women/ youth Discovery 2) Identify and test tools Discovery  Delivery 3) Increase household adoption of environmental management  Discovery Milestones A) Gender strategy for the flagship with key questions x  B) Piloting of tools  x C) Increased adoption in 2 countries D) Main output: Women and youth participate in environmental management To implement it: Key W3/bilateral projects: support from CCAFS W1/2 activities: Activity 1, global Activity 2: Kenya, Tanzania, Ethiopia Activity 3: all countries Who is involved: Lead scientists: Nicoline, Katie Tavenner CRP partners: CIAT Collaborators: CCAFS

Product line 1: Improved environmental management options Main Activity 2017 Deliverables Status Tools to engage women and youth 1) Gender strategy Completed 2)  Completed   What we learned: Very little literature on gender, livestock and environment Main Activity 2018 Deliverables Budget Tools to engage women and youth 1). Identify tools to engage women/ youth 100 K 2) 3)   Slow progress to expand beyond CCAFS agenda to other issues

Main Outputs & Milestones PL 3: Support improved institutions for environmental management Main Activity Main Outputs & Milestones 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 Innovations for rangeland management, drought resilience; PES. Key activities and outputs   1) Land and resource tenure arrangements and models Discovery Pilot Delivery  2) Policy advice drought risk, resilience, environmental footprint Pilot  Delivery 3) Viable PES schemes  Discovery Milestones A). Synthesis of policies to reduce GHG emissions; drought resilience x   x B) Land tenure arrangements improved C) Pilot PES schemes D). Global agendas influence x Main output: Environmental management enabled with specific innovations and policies To implement it: Key W3/bilateral projects AVCD Livestock IFAD ILC IBLI W1/2 activities: Activity 1: Kenya, Ethiopia, Tunisia, Tanzania Activity 2: Kenya, global Activity 3: Tunisia, ?? Who is involved: Lead scientists: Lance Robinson, Fiona Flintan, Andrew Mude, Polly Ericksen, Jutta Werner CRP partners: ICARDA Collaborators: CCAFS, PIM, UC Davis

Product line 1: Institutions for environmental mangement Main Activity 2017 Deliverables Status Support institutions and innovations 1) Synthesis policy issues for reducing GHG emissions Completed 2). National policy advice drought resilience  Completed 3) Assessment current initiatives to improve land/ resource tenure   What we learned: Context matters; governance is key for improved management Main Activity 2018 Deliverables Budget Support institutions Policy instruments for county level spatial planning and rangeland management 500 K Policy discussions on RM 3 countries 100 K Drylands information systems supported 600 K  

D. Cross-cutting themes

Gender Integrated into Clusters 1 and 2 Cluster 3 more focus on social differentiation Youth a challenge

Capacity development Integrated across all clusters Specific learning module on spatial planning from Cluster 3 in 2017 Student research supported in Clusters 2 and 3 Policy guidance 2018 relies on capacity development

Livestock CRP priority countries E. Our contribution to Livestock CRP priority countries

Kenya, Ethiopia, Tunisia, Tanzania, Burkina Faso GHG emissions work in Kenya, TZ, Eth Rangeland work in all Policy work all

F. Our Targets

Targets Page title minimum of 30 points and maximum of two lines Reduction in land and water degradation of 7.9M ha which positively affects 5.1 M direct and indirect beneficiaries across 8 countries. Rural communities practice more productive and equitable management of natural resources, with benefits experienced by 2.2 million beneficiaries, representing 14 million ha across 9 countries. Livestock production systems diversified and intensified in ways that protect soils and water (representing land area of 7 million ha), with benefits experienced by 2.4 million beneficiaries across 9 countries. Page title minimum of 30 points and maximum of two lines Main point 6 point smaller than slide title Bullet points 4 point less than main point Font type is Calibri It is advised in one slide maximum 6 bullets We recommend you use images on slides You can change partner logos on front page You have to duplicate this slide for more inside pages

Targets Agroecosystem resilience increased by 10%, impacting 1.8 million final beneficiaries (representing 9.2 million ha) across 6 countries. GHG emission intensities from agro-ecosystems will be reduced by 2% (0.08 Gt CO2-e yr-1), impacting 7 million indirect beneficiaries across 7 countries. Environment management interventions that reduce women's labour and energy expenditure by 10% developed and disseminated (reaching 770,000 women) in 9 countries. Improved capacity of 930,000 women and young people to participate in decision-making for environmental management of livestock in 9 countries.

G. Managing the Flagship

Flagship structure Cluster 1: Assess environmental sustainability and adaptability of production technologies An Notenbaert, CIAT, ILRI 2: Optimize natural resource use and enhance provision of ecosystem services Lutz Merbold, ILRI, ICARDA, CIAT 3: Develop and support improved governance for environmental solutions Lance Robinson, ILRI, ICARDA CRP partnerships: CCAFS (FP 1, 3); PIM (FP 5); ?WLE Page title minimum of 30 points and maximum of two lines Main point 6 point smaller than slide title Bullet points 4 point less than main point Font type is Calibri It is advised in one slide maximum 6 bullets We recommend you use images on slides You can change partner logos on front page You have to duplicate this slide for more inside pages