Non-food Bioflavonoids in Cardiac Health Pine Bark and Passion Fruit Extracts Ronald Ross Watson, PhD Professor, The University of Arizona Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, and College of Medicine, Tucson, Arizona

Development of Natural Products for Health Promotion Plant Source Extract Characterization Toxicity + Efficacy In Vitro Animals Humans

Pycnogenol for Heart Health Stimulates vascular NO synthesis Relaxes constricted arteries Improves blood lipid profile Lowers blood pressure in hypertension Helps prevent thrombosis Our new study suggests Pycnogenol® can prevent adverse myocardial remodeling N H S Natural Health Science

Composition defined in: ® Pycnogenol Constituents Procyanidins: linked catechin subunits Composition defined in: United States Pharmacopoeia (28)

Endothelial nitric oxide in vascular health endothelial cells of blood vessel wall blood platelets blood stream NO Pycnogenol® NO arginine + O2 NO NO NO smooth muscle NO H P A G O R Fitzpatrick et al., J Cardiovasc Pharm 32: 509-515, 1998

Enhanced Platelet Aggregration in Smokers Persistence of Pycnogenol's Activity

Pycnogenol counteracts platelet aggregation H P A G O R Pütter et al., Thromb Res 95: 155-161, 1999

Pycnogenol® is anti-inflammatory Tissue damage free radicals cytokines & oxidative stress blood vessel leukocyte

Pycnogenol lowers blood pressure in mild hypertension A G O R Hosseini et al., Nutrition Res 21: 1251-1260, 2001

Pycnogenol improves blood lipid profile H P A G O R Devaraj et al., Lipids 37: 931-934, 2002

Passion fruit

Scientific names Passi flora. Edulisf.flavicarpa Passi flora edulis quadrang ularis L . (giant granadilla ( Maracuju possion fruit Granadilla

Phytochemicals: Alkaloids, Alpha-alanine, Apigenin, D-fructose, D-glucose, Flavonoids, Gum, Gynocardin, Harmaline, Harmalol, Harmine, Harmol, Homoorientin, Isoorientin, Isovitexin, Kaempferol, Lutenin-2, Luteolin, Maltol, N-nonacosane, Orientin, Passiflorine, Phenylalanine, Proline, Quercetin, Raffinose, Rutin, Saccharose, Saponaretin, Saponarine, Scopoletin, Sitosterol, Stigmasterol, Sucrose, Tyrosine, Umbelliferone, Valine, Vitexin

Qualitative HPLC analysis of the purified Passion Fruit

Baseline characteristic of the study subjects Treatment group Placebo PFP extract Number 15 Age (y) 47.4 ± 10.5 49.3 ± 12.1 Sex (male/female) 7/8 6/9 Duration of hypertension (y) 9.2 ± 4.5 7.9 ± 7.7 Pretrial blood pressure (mm Hg) SBP 176.6 ± 4.9 179.7 ± 3.8 DBP 103.3 ± 2.3 104.3 ± 2.1 Pretrial antihypertensive medications (%) β-Blockers 20.7 24.1 ACE inhibitors 36.3 33.1 Calcium channel blocker 26.9 Diuretics 20.2 23.6 Abnormal ECG pattern (%) SEM (n = 15 subjects)

Effect of Passion Fruit on SBP and DBP in hypertensive subjects

Oral administration of purple passion fruit peel extract attenuates blood pressure in female spontaneously hypertensive rats and humans

Waste Materials, bark and peel, contain significant amounts of bioactive flavanoids expanding the value of the food plants

Flavanoids isolated from food plants, pine and passion fruit, lowered hypertension in humans