CH. 9 quick review AP Biology- Brown

Reducing agent (electron donor) = loses e- /loses potential energy Oxidizing agent (electron acceptor) = gains e- /gains potential energy In cell resp – oxygen is reduced (gains a hydrogen atom) (accepts e- at the end of ETC) and glucose is oxidized (loses hydrogen atom) Aerobic respiration- with oxygen Obligate aerobe = can only work with oxygen Anaerobic respiration - without oxygen (fermentation = cytoplasm (cytosol) of cells) Alcoholic (ethanol production) Lactic Acid (muscles) BOTH oxidize NADH to NAD+ Facultative anaerobe = can work with or without oxygen Obligate anaerobe = can only work without oxygen Glycolysis (occurs with and without oxygen) 2 ATP used and 4 ATP made – overall = 2 ATP; 100% made through oxidative phosphorylation Products = 2 NADH, 2 pyruvate, 2 ATP Cytoplasm (cytosol) Krebs cycle (AKA Citric Acid cycle) (needs oxygen) Releases 4 molecules of CO2 for every glucose molecule oxidation of pyruvate to acetyl coA which enters citric acid cycle Mitochondrial matrix ETC (needs oxygen) Extracts energy from e- Chemiosmosis (ATP produced via ATP synthase- proton motive force) Mitochondrial inner membrane TOTAL ATP = 30-32