Shoumi Mustafa November 20, 2017 Pathways: From two-year college associate degrees to baccalaureate degrees Engineering Technology Shoumi Mustafa November 20, 2017

Developing pathways: Questions & answers Information: Mapping the pathways How many associate degrees are granted by Ohio’s public two-year institutions? How many of the associate degrees are Applied/Technical and how many are in Arts/Science? Do four-year college enrollment rates differ by associate degree types? What about graduation rates? Answers from the data Almost 15,000 associate degrees granted by public two-year colleges in 2009-10. 11,641 – 77.8% – of all associate degrees are Applied/Technical degrees. Yes. Enrollment rates are 22.1% for Applied/Tech. & 48.8% for Arts/Science. Graduation rates also differ; 50.8% for Applied/Tech. & 70.1% for Arts/Science.

From associate to baccalaureate degrees Associate degrees granted by Ohio public two-year institutions fall in two broad categories: Applied & Technical: Associate of Applied Business (AAB); Associate of Applied Science (AAS); Associate of Technical Studies (ATS) & Associate of Information Technology (AIT). Arts & Sciences Associate of Arts (AA) & Associate of Science (AS). Depending on the associate degree type and the pathways students choose, they have varied options leading to baccalaureate degrees. The required combination of courses in four-year institutions depend on the following: Type of associate degree & area of concentration Preferred baccalaureate degree discipline

Information for developing pathways An efficient system eliminates course duplication, and ensures that credits accumulated under associate degrees apply to meeting baccalaureate degree requirements. In order to develop efficient pathways, we need mappings of pathways for each prominent baccalaureate degree discipline; we need information on the following: Associate degree types + Associate degree area concentrations Subsequent four-year institution enrollment patterns Baccalaureate degree receipt Baccalaureate degree discipline Baccalaureate degree names and degree granting institutions This report considers pathways leading to baccalaureate degrees in Engineering Technology. Previous reports have considered Business, Social Work, Education, and Engineering. A series of similar reports would be prepared for other disciplines/majors. Next: Other STEM Fields, Humanities.

Progression parameters: All associate degree recipients Associate degree types Subsequent four-year institution enrollment patterns Baccalaureate degree receipt Information presented in this report are obtained using data from the Higher Education Information (HEI) system of the Ohio Department of Higher Education.

Two-year college associate degrees in 2009-10: Distribution of degree type All Associate Degrees* N: 14,861 Applied/Technical Degrees N: 11,641 (77.8%) ATS: N:344 AAS: N:8,817 AAB: N:2,480 Arts/Science Degrees: N:3,220 (21.5%) AA: N:2,157 AS: N:960 AA & AS: N:103 AAB: Associate of Applied Business; AAS: Associate of Applied Science; ATS: Associate of Technical Studies; AA: Associate of Arts; AS: Associate of Science. *An additional 73 individuals had received both Applied/Technical & Arts/Science degrees, and another 33 had received Associate degrees in Individual Studies. Those 106 students are excluded from the chart.

Progression from associate to baccalaureate degrees: All associate degree recipients All Associate Degrees N: 14,861 Applied/Technical Degrees N: 11,641 (77.8%) Four-year enrollment: 2,575 (22.1%) Graduation: 1,304 (50.8%) Arts/Science Degrees: N:3,220 (22.2%) 1,100 (70.1%) 1,569 (48.8%) Note: Four-year enrollment refers to attendance at Ohio public four-year main and regional campuses.

Distribution of Baccalaureate degree disciplines: All associate degree recipients

Moving to specific pathways: Engineering Technology Questions What associate degree types usually lead to baccalaureate degrees in Engineering Technology? Do baccalaureate degree disciplines differ between associate degree recipients with and without area concentration in Engineering Technology, respectively? Do baccalaureate degree disciplines differ among associate degree recipients with Engineering Technology concentration? We focus on Applied/Technical and Arts/Science degree comparisons.

Classification of associate degree types: Engineering Technology In mapping the pathways from associate degree types to baccalaureate degrees in Engineering, we combine the associate degrees to obtain the following classifications. Combined group: (Associate of Applied Science + Associate of Technical Studies) – Engineering Technology concentration Combined group: (Associate of Applied Science + Associate of Technical Studies) – Non-Engineering Technology concentration Combined group: (Associate of Arts + Associate of Science) – Engineering Technology concentration Combined group: (Associate of Arts + Associate of Science) – Non- Engineering Technology concentration

What subjects fall under Engineering Technology? A total of 90 distinct CIP codes (Classification of Instructional Programs from the National Center on Education Statistics, NCES) were used to identify Engineering Technology concentration among Associate degree recipients, and 1,535 Associate degree recipients were found to have Engineering Technology concentrations. The following is a list of the programs, and the number of associate degree recipients in each program. Electrical Engineering Technology: 446 Construction, Civil Engineering, Architectural Technology: 232 Automotive Engineering Technology: 161 Other Engineering Technology: 161 Computer Engineering Technology: 149 Mechanical Engineering Technology: 131 Industrial and Manufacturing Technology: 114 CAD/CADD Drafting: 62 Environmental and Hazardous Material Technology: 57 Aeronautical/Aerospace Technology (19), Survey Technology (1), Communications Technology (1).

Progression from associate to baccalaureate degrees: Classifications for the Engineering pathway Associate of Applied Science + Technical Studies: Engineering Technology Concentration Associate of Applied Science + Technical Studies: Non-Engineering Technology Concentration Associate of Arts + Science: Non-Engineering Technology Concentration Number of Associate degree recipients 1,535 10,106 - 3,220 Enrolled in Ohio public four-year institutions 278 2,297 1,569 Rate of enrollment 18.1% 22.7% 48.7% Received baccalaureate degrees 149 1,176 1,095 Rate of graduation (of enrolled individuals) 53.6% 51.2% 69.8%

AA: Associate of Arts; AS: Associate of Science. Progression from associate to baccalaureate degrees: Classifications for the Engineering Technology pathway All Associate Degrees N: 14,861 AAS + ATS: Engn. Tech. Conc. N=1,535 Enrl. Num & Rate: 278 (18.1%) Grad. Num & Rate: 149 (53.6%) Non-Engn. Tech. Conc. N=10,106 2,297 (22.7%) 1,176 (51.2%) AA + AS: N=0 - N=3,220 1,569 (48.7%) 1,095 (69.8%) AAS: Associate of Applied Science; ATS: Associate of Technical Studies; AA: Associate of Arts; AS: Associate of Science.

Distribution of baccalaureate degree disciplines: Classifications for the Engineering Technology pathway Associate of Applied Science + Technical Studies: Engineering Technology Concentration Associate of Applied Science + Technical Studies: Non-Engn. Tech. Concentration Associate of Arts + Science: Engn. Tech. Concentration: Associate of Arts + Science: Non-Engn. Tech. Concentration Arts & Humanities 4 58 - 211 Business 5 169 179 Education 3 45 75 Engineering 34 19 67 Engineering Tech. 73 14 6 Health 583 105 Natural Science & Mathematics 27 94 131 Services 1 95 26 Social & Behavioral Sci. 2 96 292 Total number of degrees* 149 1,176 1,095 *Note: Six baccalaureate degrees in Law are not included in the table.

Distribution of baccalaureate degree disciplines: Associate of Applied Sciences & Technical Studies Engineering Technology concentration Other Engn. Tech.:30 Electrical Eng. Tech.:15 Mechanical Eng. Tech.:12 Construction, Civil, Architecture Tech.: 10 N=5 N=2 N=4 N=1

Distribution of baccalaureate degree disciplines: Associate of Applied Sciences & Technical Studies Non-Engineering Technology concentration N=169 N=95 N=58 N=19

Distribution of baccalaureate degree disciplines: Associate of arts & associate of science Non-Engineering Technology concentration N=292 N=75 N=67 N=26 N=6 N=3

What did we learn? Large majorities of associate degrees granted by two-year institutions are Applied/Technical in nature. Of the 14,967 associate degrees granted in 2009-10 for example, 77.8% were Applied/Technical; Arts & Science degrees accounted 21.5%. In recent years, Applied/Technical shares have fallen to approximately 70.0%. Overall, the number of associate degree recipients who went on to receive baccalaureate degrees in Engineering is modest; 93 students received such degrees. The highest proportion of the Associate of Applied Science and Technology degree recipients received baccalaureate degrees in Engineering Technology in the highest proportion (49.0%); the same group also produced the largest number of baccalaureate degrees – 73.