Laboratory Investigations Urine Analysis/ Sensitivity Hematological Profile Hemostatic Profile Biochemical Profile Serological & Immunological Profile

Urine Report

Urine Sensitivity

Hematological Profile Complete Blood Count (CBC) “Blood Film, RBC Count, Hb, HCT, Indices, RDW” Reticulocyte Percentage Ferrokinetics “Iron, TIBC, Ferritin, Soluble Transferrin Receptors” Others “Hb Electrophoresis, Sickling Test, Schilling Test, G6PD” What Type of Anemia?

Reference Rage Patient Result Test 4.5-6.5 million 3.32 million RBC 13-18 g% 8.2 g% Hb 40-54% 24% HCT 76-96 fL 72 fL MCV 27-32 pg 25 pg MCH 30-35% 34% MCHC 11.5-14% 18% RDW Reference Rage Patient Result Test 4.5-6.5 million 4.4 million RBC 13-18 g% 12.5 g% Hb 40-54% 37% HCT 76-96 fL 84 fL MCV 27-32 pg 28 pg MCH 30-35% 34% MCHC 11.5-14% 10% RDW 0.2-2% 0.83% Retics Reference Rage Patient Result Test 50-170 μg% 29 μg% Iron 5-184 ng/ml 3 ng/ml Ferritin 250-400 μg% 150 μg% TIBC

Infection or Blood Malignancy? Hematological Profile (Cont.) WBC Cont Neutrophils Eosinophils Basophils Monocytes Lymphocyte Immature Cells Infection or Blood Malignancy?

Reference Rage Patient Result Test 4-11 thousands 6.8 Thousands WBC 47-75% 79% Neutrophils, Segmented 0-5% 3% Neutrophils, Staff 20-45% 12% Lymphocytes 3-8% 4% Monocytes 0-6% 2% Eosinophils 0-1% 0% Basophils

Clotting Factors Assay Antiplatelet Antibody Platelet Aggregation Test Hemostatic Profile Bleeding Hyper-Coagurable State or Antithrombine III Protein C Protein S D-Dimer Clotting Factors Assay APTT PT, INR, Activity Antiplatelet Antibody Platelet Aggregation Test Platelets Count

Reference Rage Patient Result Test 150000-400000 90000 Platelets Count

Biochemistry Report Kidney Function Tests Liver Function Tests Heart Function Tests Lipid Profile Hormonal Profile Tumor Markers Diabetic Profile Osteoporosis Profile

Albumin/Creatinine Ratio (ACR) Kidney Function Tests Serum Creatinine Albumin/Creatinine Ratio (ACR) BUN Uric Acid Na K

Reference Rage Patient Result Test 10-45 mg% 105 mg% BUN 0.5-1.5 mg% Serum Creatinine 4.3-6.5 mg% 9.8 mg% Serum Uric Acid Microalbuminuria: ACR 30-300 Macroalbuminuria: ACR >300

Liver Function Tests AST ALT ALP GGT Albumin T. & D. Bilirubin HCC AST ALT ALP GGT Albumin T. & D. Bilirubin Hepatitis Markers

Reference Rage Patient Result Test 0.2-1.3 mg% 15.7 mg% T. Bil Up to 0.4 mg% 4 mg% D. Bil Up to 40 U/L 204 U/L sAST 193 U/L sALT 40-129 U/L 495 U/L ALP 3.5-5.2 g% 5.2 g% Albumin 2.2-3.8 g% 2.4 g% Globulin >1 2.17 A/G Ratio

Cut off Value Patient Result Test 0.075 mIU/L 0.021 mIU/L HBsAg 0.23 mIU/L 0.098 mIU/L HCV Ab 0.075 mU/ml >100 mU/ml HAV

Fibro Test measures the hepatic fibrosis stage with a blood test. Minimal Moderate Severe

Acti Test measures the degree of necroinflammatory activity of viral origin (HBV and HCV). Minimal Moderate Severe

Heart Function Tests Troponin CK-Mb AST LDH

Reference Rage Patient Result Test 0-25 U/L 35 U/L CK-Mb 230-460 U/L 490 U/L LDH 0-0.2 ng/ml 0.8 ng/ml Troponin-I

Lipids Profile Total Cholesterol LDL-C HDL-C VLDL-C Atherogenic Inex Triacylglycerol Phospholipids

Reference Rage Patient Result Test Normal <200 mg% 300 mg% T. Cholesterol Borderline 200-239mg% High >240 mg% 50-150 mg% 180 mg% TG High Risk <40 mg% 37.6 mg% HDL-C Negative Risk > 60 mg% 60-160 mg% 226.4 mg% LDL-C 8-32 mg% 36 mg% VLVL-C Up to 3.22 7.98 T. Chol/HDL-C Risk Ratio Up to 4.5 6.02 LDL-C/HDL-C Risk Ratio

Hormonal Profile Thyroid Hormones Sex Hormones Adrenal Hormones Parathyroid Hormones Pituitary Hormones Pancreatic Hormones

Reference Rage Patient Result Test 2-4.4 pg/ml 1.94 pg/ml T3 free 0.93-1.7 ng% 0.63 ng% T4 free 0.27-4.2 μIU/ml 28.44 μIU/ml TSH

LH>FSH = polycystic ovary syndrome LH:FSH ration should be 1:1

Reference Range Patient Result Test Non pregnant <5mIU/ml 215 Β-HCG 0-1 Week 6-50 mIU/ml 1-2 Week 50-500 mIU/ml 2-3 Week 100-5000 mIU/ml 3-4 Week 500-10000 mIU/ml 4-5 Week 1000-50000 mIU/ml 5-6 Week 10000-100000 mIU/ml 6-8 Week 15000-200000 mIU/ml 2-3 Month 10000-100000 mIU/ml 4-6 Month 30000-50000 mIU/ml 7-9 Month 1000-35000 mIU/ml

Tumor Markers

Tumor Markers Report Reference Rage Patient Result Test Up to 4 ng/ml PSA, Total Up to 0.9 U/ml 2.8 U/ml PSA, Free Reference Rage Patient Result Test Up to 5 ng/ml 4.12 ng/ml CEA Up to 25 U/ml 292.7 U/ml CA 15-3

Diabetic Profile Fasting Blood Glucose (FBG) Postprandial Blood Glucose Random Blood Glucose Fasting Insulin Glycated Hemoglobin (HA1c) HOMA-IR

Diabetic Profile Reference Rage Patient Result Test <6% 11% HbA1c 70-110 mg% 228 mg% FBG 80-140 mg% 316mg% PBG

Parathyroid Hormone “PTH” Osteoporosis Profile Total Calcium “Ca” Ionized Ca Phosphorus “Pi” ALP Parathyroid Hormone “PTH”

Reference Rage Patient Result Test 15-65 pg/ml 78.5 pg/ml PTH Deficiency <20 ng/ml 17.4 ng/ml Vitamin D total Insufficiency 21-29 ng/ml Sufficiency >30 ng/ml

Immunological Profile Serological & Immunological Profile Reference Rage Patient Result Test <200 IU/ml 600 IU/ml ASOT <6 mg/L 9 mg/L CRP <8 IU/L 12 IU/L RF Male: 0-10 mm/hr 40 mm/hr ESR

Gastrointestinal tract Thyroid autoantibodies Liver Systemic Anti-tTG AGA Intrinsic Factor Antibodies Parietal Cell Antibodies Thyroid autoantibodies Anti-TPO TSH receptor antibodies Liver SMA AMA Anti-LKM1 Systemic ANA ANCA AntidsDNA ACA Antihistone CCP anti-SS-A (Ro) and anti-SS-B (La), anti-RNP, anti-Jo-1, anti-Sm, Scl-70 Organ-specific autoantibodies Cardiolipin Antibodies Beta-2 Glycoprotein 1 Antibodies APA LA Endocrine/metabolic system Diabetes-related Autoantibodies Kidney GMB Muscles AChR Examples of Autoantibodies Systemic autoantibodies The list below includes some of the autoantibody tests that are used to identify systemic autoimmune disorders. These disorders may cause signs and symptoms associated with inflammation throughout the body. Antinuclear Antibodies (ANA) Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibodies (ANCA) Anti-Double Stranded DNA (anti-dsDNA) Anticentromere Antibodies (ACA) Antihistone Antibodies Cyclic Citrullinated Peptide Antibodies (CCP) Extractable Nuclear Antigen Antibodies (e.g., anti-SS-A (Ro) and anti-SS-B (La), anti-RNP, anti-Jo-1, anti-Sm, Scl-70) Rheumatoid Factor (RF) Organ-specific autoantibodies These are examples of autoantibodies associated with certain systems or organs: Clotting (coagulation) system Cardiolipin Antibodies Beta-2 Glycoprotein 1 Antibodies Antiphospholipid Antibodies (APA) Lupus anticoagulants (LA) Endocrine/metabolic system Diabetes-related Autoantibodies Gastrointestinal tract Anti-Tissue Transglutaminase (anti-tTG) Anti-Gliadin Antibodies (AGA) Intrinsic Factor Antibodies Parietal Cell Antibodies Thyroid Thyroid Autoantibodies (e.g., anti-TPO, TSH receptor antibodies) Liver Smooth Muscle Antibodies (SMA) Antimitochondrial Antibodies (AMA) Liver Kidney Microsome Type 1 Antibodies (anti-LKM-1) Kidney Anti-Glomerular Basement Membrane (GBM) Muscles Acetylcholine Receptor (AChR) Antibodies

Reference Rage Patient Result 60 IU/ml 30 U/ml Test Negative <35 IU/ml 60 IU/ml Anti ds DNA Intermediate 35-45 IU/ml Positive >45 IU/ml <10 U/ml 30 U/ml ANA +ve Anti ds DNA and ANA = systemic lupus

Laboratory Abbreviations See the attached Word file.