Effector mechanisms of humoral immunity

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Presentation transcript:

Effector mechanisms of humoral immunity Effector functions of antibodies

Antibodies = Immunoglobulins Ab = Ig Proteins that can specifically recognize and bind antigen IMMUNOglobulins – important molecules in immunity ImmunoGLOBULINS – they to the globulin fraction of plasma proteins (gamma globulins)

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k l a (a1 a2) g (g1 g2 g3 g4) d e m IgA(1,2) IgG(1,2,3,4) IgD IgE IgM VH VH VL VL CDR1 CDR2 CDR3 k l CL CL Class (isotype) a (a1 a2) g (g1 g2 g3 g4) d e m IgA(1,2) IgG(1,2,3,4) V (variable) region VL i VH IgD CH CH C (constant) region CL i CH IgE IgM 4

(recognition of Ag and initiation of humoral immune response) Antibodies Membrane bound (recognition of Ag and initiation of humoral immune response) Secreted (elimination of Ag) Four classes Five classes IgM i IgD (naive B cells) IgM IgG IgA IgE IgG, IgA i IgE (memory B cells) monomers sIgA – dimer IgM – pentamer

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Fab Fab Ag recognition Activation of diverse effector mechanisms that eliminate Ag (microbes and microbial toxins) Fc 7

Functions of secreted immunoglobulins Fab fragment related: Neutralization of antigen Fc fragment related: Activation of complement system (IgG, IgM) Opsonization (IgG) Antibody dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) (IgG) Eosinophil/Mast cell-mediated reactions (IgE) at special anatomical sites: Mucosal immunity (IgA) Neonatal immunity (IgG) 8

Functions of secreted immunoglobulins Fab fragment related: Neutralization of antigen Binding of microbes and microbial toxins and blocking of their effects 9

Functions of secreted immunoglobulins Fc fragment related: Activation of complement system (IgG, IgM) Opsonization (IgG) Antibody dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) - IgG Eosinophil/Mast cell-mediated reactions (IgE)

Functions of secreted immunoglobulins Fc fragment related: Activation of complement system (IgG, IgM) Opsonization (IgG) Antibody dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) - IgG Eosinophil/Mast cell-mediated reactions (IgE) 12

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Functions of secreted immunoglobulins Fc fragment related: Activation of complement system (IgG, IgM) Opsonization (IgG) Antibody dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) - IgG Eosinophil/Mast cell-mediated reactions (IgE) 14

Downloaded from: StudentConsult (on 2 December 2010 08:50 PM) © 2005 Elsevier

Functions of secreted immunoglobulins Fc fragment related: Activation of complement system (IgG, IgM) Opsonization (IgG) Antibody dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) - IgG Eosinophil/Mast cell-mediated reactions (IgE) 16

Defence against helmints and immediate hypersensitivity reactions (IgE) 17

Functions of secreted immunoglobulins At special anatomic sites: Mucosal immunity (IgA) Neonatalna immunity (IgG)

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Functions of secreted immunoglobulins at special anatomical sites: Mucosal immunity (IgA) Neonatal immunity (IgG i sIgA) Maternal antibodies (IgG) are actively transported across the placenta to the fetus and across the gut epithelium of neonates (FcRn) (passive innate immunity) Secretory IgA protects neonatus through mother’s milk

Downloaded from: StudentConsult (on 2 December 2010 10:04 PM) © 2005 Elsevier

Downloaded from: StudentConsult (on 2 December 2010 10:04 PM) © 2005 Elsevier