Aim: What factors affect the climate of an area? Do Now: In your notebooks, describe what factors cause one place to have a dry climate and another to have a wet climate? Does it only have to do with getting rain or not?
This is why it is hotter at the Equator than at the poles I. Factors that affect climate 1. Latitude As latitude increases, insolation decreases, (which lowers the average temperature) Poles receive less direct insolation from the sun The Equator receives more direct insolation from the sun. (incoming solar radiation = sunlight) This is why it is hotter at the Equator than at the poles
900 900 45 degree angle = weak insolation 90 degree angle = intense insolation 900
2. Land vs. Water (bodies of water) bodies of water moderate (even out) the temperature of the land (due to it’s specific heat) areas that near water have cooler summers and warmer winters (sea-breeze). land- locked areas tend to have more extreme temperature changes. Sea Breeze
3. Elevation (altitude) 4. Topography - the higher the elevation, the colder the climate. 4. Topography - mountains play an important role in the amount of precipitation that falls and the type of air that occurs in the area. (orographic lifting) Mt. Kilimanjaro, Africa
5. Atmospheric Circulation - Global winds distribute warm moist air and cool dry air around Earth. - Winds move warm air towards the poles and cool air towards the equator. - Your distance from the Equator helps determine the climate of your area.
6. Atmospheric Transparency (Clouds) - An Albedo effect is created when a surface reflects radiation from the sun or radiating body. - Clouds in the atmosphere and ice/snow on the ground cause an Albedo effect.
7. Vegetation - Keeps land cool by blocking insolation. - Creates more transpiration which adds more moisture to the air causing more precipitation.
Using your notes, complete the worksheet in the top bin. Closure: Using your notes, complete the worksheet in the top bin. Look for Factors that Affect Climate fact organizer sheet in the Practice worksheets tray and on E-back with answers