Metrology The Science of Measurement 164 Education Liaison & Outreach This is set up to be an interactive presentation. There are suggested points in the presentation to engage the crowd with questions, I suggest giving mini candy bars for rewards for participation. Keep attention and energy level high. NCSL INTERNATIONAL SERVING THE WORLD OF MEASUREMENT

Let’s take a trip back in time… NCSL INTERNATIONAL SERVING THE WORLD OF MEASUREMENT

Prehistoric people didn’t have time to measure NCSL INTERNATIONAL SERVING THE WORLD OF MEASUREMENT

SERVING THE WORLD OF MEASUREMENT But over time…. NCSL INTERNATIONAL SERVING THE WORLD OF MEASUREMENT

people started growing food NCSL INTERNATIONAL SERVING THE WORLD OF MEASUREMENT

and developing permanent settlements NCSL INTERNATIONAL SERVING THE WORLD OF MEASUREMENT

So, they needed a system of measurement… NCSL INTERNATIONAL SERVING THE WORLD OF MEASUREMENT

or there would be mayhem! NCSL INTERNATIONAL SERVING THE WORLD OF MEASUREMENT

History of Measurement Quiz crowd to guess time of first standard, maybe give definition of standard NCSL INTERNATIONAL SERVING THE WORLD OF MEASUREMENT

SERVING THE WORLD OF MEASUREMENT Egyptian Cubit Used to build pyramids Dependent on the pharaoh Missed calibration was punishable by death! NCSL INTERNATIONAL SERVING THE WORLD OF MEASUREMENT

Fast-forward 5000 years to current measurement systems NCSL INTERNATIONAL SERVING THE WORLD OF MEASUREMENT

SERVING THE WORLD OF MEASUREMENT Metric System (SI) SEVEN BASE UNITS Mass Kilogram (kg) Length Meter (m) Time Second (s) Temperature Kelvin (K) Electric Current Ampere (A) Amount of Substance Mole (mol) Luminous Intensity Candela (cd) International System of Measurement Quiz crowd to name all base units NCSL INTERNATIONAL SERVING THE WORLD OF MEASUREMENT

SERVING THE WORLD OF MEASUREMENT Metric System (SI) Simple to use Bases of ten All other units derived from primary seven For example: V = cm3 = 1 mL Maybe quiz crowd about benefits of using metric system NCSL INTERNATIONAL SERVING THE WORLD OF MEASUREMENT

Now, a couple of definitions… NCSL INTERNATIONAL SERVING THE WORLD OF MEASUREMENT

SERVING THE WORLD OF MEASUREMENT Metrology “the science that deals with measurement” Measure “to determine the dimension, quantity or capacity of something” Quiz crowd about definitions NCSL INTERNATIONAL SERVING THE WORLD OF MEASUREMENT

SERVING THE WORLD OF MEASUREMENT Metrology Concepts Uncertainty Value assigned to a measurement result that characterizes how well it is known/unknown Potential Value Measurement Result NCSL INTERNATIONAL SERVING THE WORLD OF MEASUREMENT

Metrology Concepts Traceability Unbroken chain of comparisons to the SI units, all having stated uncertainties NMI You, the Consumer Inaccurate Measurements NCSL INTERNATIONAL SERVING THE WORLD OF MEASUREMENT

SERVING THE WORLD OF MEASUREMENT Metrology Concepts Calibration Set of operations that establish the relationship between values of quantities indicated by a measuring instrument and a reference standard NCSL INTERNATIONAL SERVING THE WORLD OF MEASUREMENT

Calibration Technician Metrologist Designs and runs measurement calibrations & tests Analyzes the results Determines the final accuracy of the device under test Calibration Engineer Calibration Technician Metrologist NCSL INTERNATIONAL SERVING THE WORLD OF MEASUREMENT

SERVING THE WORLD OF MEASUREMENT Metrology Careers Scientific Metrology Organization and development of measurement standards and their maintenance (highest level) NIST Atomic Clock Accurate to 1 s in 20 million years NCSL INTERNATIONAL SERVING THE WORLD OF MEASUREMENT

SERVING THE WORLD OF MEASUREMENT Metrology Careers Industrial Metrology Adequate functioning of measurement instruments used in industry as well as production and testing processes NCSL INTERNATIONAL SERVING THE WORLD OF MEASUREMENT

SERVING THE WORLD OF MEASUREMENT Metrology Careers Legal Metrology Measurements that influence economic transactions, health and safety NCSL INTERNATIONAL SERVING THE WORLD OF MEASUREMENT

Who Needs Accurate Measurements? NCSL INTERNATIONAL SERVING THE WORLD OF MEASUREMENT

Pharmaceutical Industry Metrology laboratories test weights and volume standards for pharmaceutical companies Products include medicines like aspirin, antibiotics, vaccines, insulin, & vitamins FDA requires them to maintain measurement control of all quantities of materials during research (fines as much as $10,000 for failure to control quantities). NCSL INTERNATIONAL SERVING THE WORLD OF MEASUREMENT

SERVING THE WORLD OF MEASUREMENT Defense Industry Metrology laboratories test standards for many military and defense companies These companies make the guidance systems for the Patriot missiles and other things that are top secret NCSL INTERNATIONAL SERVING THE WORLD OF MEASUREMENT

Space Station, Satellites…. Metrology laboratories test standards for many companies that provide parts of the space shuttle These parts include the metal, heat shield, electronics, fabrics, o-rings, optics, and tires Shuttle failures were measurement problems. NCSL INTERNATIONAL SERVING THE WORLD OF MEASUREMENT

SERVING THE WORLD OF MEASUREMENT Retail Measurements State metrology laboratories test standards used to test retail scales and meters These include gas pumps, produce scales, milk, bread and other packaged items, and price scanning systems The labs don’t test the gas pumps….. State metrology laboratories test standards used by enforcement officials to test measuring systems used in retail. These systems include…. NCSL INTERNATIONAL SERVING THE WORLD OF MEASUREMENT

Who Needs Accurate Measurements? Everybody! Weights and Measures measurements affect more than $6.6 trillion of the $13.2 trillion U.S. GDP (1996) NCSL INTERNATIONAL SERVING THE WORLD OF MEASUREMENT

Interested in Metrology? Academic Subjects Physical Science Physics Material Properties Math Formula Statistical Analysis Computer Science Automation Programming Database Building Writing Skills Technical Writing Management Systems Preparation for Metrology Career NCSL INTERNATIONAL SERVING THE WORLD OF MEASUREMENT

Interested in Metrology? “Metrology community is facing a shortage of qualified, trained metrology personnel across the U.S.” Academic Subjects Physical Science Physics Material Properties Math Formula Statistical Analysis Computer Science Automation Programming Database Building Writing Skills Technical Writing Management Systems Preparation for Metrology Career NCSL INTERNATIONAL SERVING THE WORLD OF MEASUREMENT

SERVING THE WORLD OF MEASUREMENT NCSL INTERNATIONAL SERVING THE WORLD OF MEASUREMENT

For More Information NCSL International (NCSLI) www.ncsli.org SERVING THE WORLD OF MEASUREMENT Special Thanks to FreeFoto.com, www.sxc.hu Developed by NCSLI Committee 164

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Questions, Comments, Suggestions? NCSL INTERNATIONAL SERVING THE WORLD OF MEASUREMENT