AP HUMAN GEOGRAPHY CH. 7 CLASS NOTES

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Presentation transcript:

AP HUMAN GEOGRAPHY CH. 7 CLASS NOTES Policy Responses to Demographic Changes

(Matrix Scene)

Gov’t Population Policies 1. EXPANSIVE POPULATION POLICIES-

Why does Singapore need Expansive Policies? Contracting Pop Pyramids / Dependency Ratio

Singapore Demographic History

2. Restrictive Population Policies

What has caused Birth Rates to fall?

What has caused Birth Rates to fall?

3. EUGENIC POPULATION POLICIES –

Eugenic Policy Results???

CHINA CASE STUDY 1979 – China’s One Child Policy

Some Rules Forced families to register births After 1 child – forced to use contraception If 2nd child born – one parent had to be sterilized (Some limited exceptions)

Reactions Protesting of the Law World criticism PEOPLE (farming families need bodies to farm, so they defy the gov’t) Kept pregnant women out of sight Did not register births Dodged gov’t inspectors

GOV’T ( harsh consequences on people who violated rules ) Fired from jobs Land taken away Women arrested and under forced abortion / sterilization In first 6 years – 70 million abortions In 1980s – 20 million people sterilized annually (3:1 women to men)

Long term Effects of One Child Policy???

Estimated 400 Million births prevented “Missing Women” of China Female Abortions / Infanticide / Abandonment Birth Ratio of 117:100 now Gender Imbalance 24 million more men than women of marriage age by 2020

Revisions to the Policy 2013 - 2015 Phase out Begins Children of “One Child Generation” can have 2 children now Harsh laws against female infanticide & sex-selective abortions Ultrasound technology illegal

World TFRs https://www.indexmundi.com/g/r.aspx?v=31 China TFR https://www.google.com/search?safe=strict&source=hp&ei=sGv3WaO9M4TojwTP6L3oCg&q=china%27s+tfr&oq=china%27s+tfr&gs_l=psy-ab.3..0i22i30k1l10.870.3489.0.3824.12.11.0.0.0.0.149.1263.0j10.10.0....0...1.1.64.psy-ab..2.10.1259.0..0j0i131k1.0.7jI0Ext1s_c

USA Population BABY BOOM (1946 - 1964) BABY BUST (1964 – 1975) Immigration

U.S. Birth Rates

USA Immigration Laws USA 1882 – Chinese Exclusion Act Designed to restrict Chinese immigrants to USA 1924 – National Origins Act European Immigration shifts from N. Europe to SE Europe Act set up QUOTA SYSTEM limiting number of immigrants per country

International (Global) Population Policies Why Difficult to reach Agreement on???

Paul Ehrlich – USA The Population Bomb (1968) “A cancer is an uncontrolled multiplication of cells; the population explosion is an uncontrolled multiplication of people. Treating only the symptoms of cancer may make the victim more comfortable at first, but eventually he dies - often horribly. A similar fate awaits a world with a population explosion if only the symptoms are treated. We must shift our efforts from treatment of the symptoms to the cutting out of the cancer. The operation will demand many apparent brutal and heartless decisions. The pain may be intense. But the disease is so far advanced that only with radical surgery does the patient have a chance to survive.”