Results of the French and Indian War Proclamation of 1763 British proclamation banning colonial settlement west of the Appalachian Mountains.

Parliament also made life much harder for smugglers by giving the vice-admiralty courts greater powers. These courts had no juries, and their judges treated suspected smugglers as guilty until proven innocent.

Sugar Act (1764) Law passed by the British Parliament setting taxes on molasses and sugar imported by the colonies.

In what ways did Parliament's new laws increase British control of the American colonies? Tax and currency regulations. Crackdown on smugglers. Use of vice-admiralty courts.

Taxation without Representation James Otis, a lawyer from Boston, was one of the first colonists to protest taxation by Parliament. Samuel Adams agreed with Otis. He believed that Parliament could not tax the colonists without their consent and said that agreeing to the tax would be dangerous.

Committees of Correspondence Committees created in Massachusetts in the 1760s to help towns and colonies share information about resisting the new British laws.

boycott To refuse to buy certain goods; method often used in protest movements.

How did Samuel Adams and James Otis influence colonial protests against new taxes? *They argued for no taxation without representation. *Adams helped form the Committees of Correspondence to organize protests.

Stamp Act (1765) Law passed by Parliament that raised tax money by requiring colonists to pay for an official stamp whenever they bought paper items such as newspapers, licenses, and legal documents.

What methods did the colonists use to protest the Sugar and Stamp Acts, and what were the results of their efforts? Boycotts Intimidation Breaking the law Stamp Act repealed!

Sons of Liberty Secret societies formed in the mid-1700s by colonists to protest new taxes and to frighten tax collectors.

Patrick Henry Stated that the Stamp Act violated the rights of the colonists as British citizens. In addition to taxation without representation, the Stamp Act denied the accused trial by jury. "If this be treason, make the most of it!" Henry's speech convinced the assembly to support some of his ideas.

repeal To abolish.

Declaratory Act Stated that Parliament had the power to make laws for the colonies "in all cases whatsoever.” “Parliament made the rules, not the colonists.”