The Democratic-Republican Era By Mr. Eichmann

Elections of 1808 and 1812 1808- Jefferson completes his second term. James Madison, his Secretary of State, becomes president. 1812 – Madison wins a second term in office

Causes of the War of 1812 Impressment – British ships took American cargo and forced American sailors into the British navy. American hatred toward Great Britain going back to Revolutionary War days (War Hawks) American belief that the British were arming Native Americans and inciting them to attack American settlements. American ambitions to add Canada and Florida as American territories.

Significant Battles of the War of 1812 Battle of Washington – British soldiers invade Washington D.C. and burn down government buildings, including the White House Battle of Baltimore – American soldiers successfully defend Fort McHenry. Battle of Orleans – Andrew Jackson defeats the British army and becomes a national hero, although the Treaty of Ghent had already been signed!!

Results of the War of 1812 Increased Nationalism – Americans took pride in their victory at the Battle of Orleans Isolationist Foreign Policy – America turned its back on foreign affairs and focused on internal issues Growth of American Industry – America began building factories and became less reliant on European goods. Western movement – People who lost their jobs due to less shipping to Europe began to head west. The End of the Federalist Party - The party, which opposed the war, appeared unpatriotic and disbanded, leaving America with a one-party system.

Elections of 1816 and 1820 Election of 1816 -James Monroe, Madison’s Secretary of State, is elected Election of 1820 – Monroe runs unopposed and is re-elected, losing only one electoral vote!! Era of Good Feelings- Only one political party in America

Revolutions in Latin America Spanish leaders like Simon Bolivar succeeded in throwing off Spanish rule in South America Rumors of territorial expansion by Europe led to John Quincy Adams, Monroe’s Secretary of State, to author the Monroe Doctrine.

Monroe Doctrine of 1823 The Western Hemisphere is closed to further European colonization If Europe does not interfere in the affairs of the Western Hemisphere, then America will stay out of European affairs Any attempt to intervene by European powers would be regarded as “dangerous to our peace and safety.”