Varieties of American nationalism Chapter 8 Varieties of American nationalism

Era of Good Feelings James Monroe- elected president in 1816 Last of founding fathers Last of Virginia dynasty Era of Good Feelings “one” political party How was it an Era of Good Feelings? Misnomer; issues: Tariff Bank Internal improvements Sectionalism Slavery Panic of 1819

Westward Expansion Reasons? The Land Act of 1820 Over-cultivation Slave owners The Land Act of 1820  With expanding borders came public debates about whether to expand & how to define /use new territories Americans developed thriving communities along the Ohio & Mississippi Rivers

Acquisition of Lands American acquisition of lands in the West gave rise to a contest over extension of slavery into the western territories After Louisiana Purchase, the drive to acquire new lands led to US seeking influence over North America & the Western Hemisphere

Missouri Compromise Tallmadge Amendment Henry Clay Admit Missouri as a slave state in 1820.   Maine admitted as a free state 12 slave states & 12 free states. The Missouri Compromise- forbade slavery in the remaining territories in the Louisiana Territory north of the line of 36° 30’ Created a truce over the issue of slavery *Only temporarily stemmed growing tensions between opponents & defenders of slavery*

Florida Revolutions in South America forced Spain to take troops out of Florida General Andrew Jackson sent to Florida The Florida Purchase Treaty of 1819/Adams Onis Treaty- Spain ceded Florida, as well as Spanish claims to Oregon, in exchange for America's abandonment of claims to Texas.

Monroe and His Doctrine Monroe Doctrine (1823) -stern warning to the European powers to stay out of Western Hemisphere non-colonization & nonintervention Reasons for Monroe Doctrines? Effects of Monroe Doctrine? Nationalism US as a dominant power in Western Hemisphere

Sectionalism Grows West: new canals & roads into western territories Native-born white citizens relocated westward North East: Migrants from Europe increased population in East & Midwest Forged strong bonds of interdependence between the Northeast & Old Northwest South: remained politically, culturally & ideologically distinct from other sections Continued to rely on Europe for economic growth

Government Funded Roads Legislation & judicial systems supported the development of roads Extended & enlarged markets Government helped finance a national road

Corrupt Bargain Election of 1824 4 candidates: Andrew Jackson, John Quincy Adams, William Crawford, & Henry Clay. Democratic Republicans No candidate won the majority of the votes Decision went to House of Representatives Henry Clay encouraged members to vote for Adams Clay becomes secretary of state “Corrupt Bargain” b/c Jackson received most electoral and popular votes

John Quincy Adams Fewer than 1/3 of voters had voted for him One of the most successful secretaries of state, least successful presidents Lack of support from Congress Nationalist