Shoumi Mustafa September 27, 2017 Pathways: From two-year college associate degrees to baccalaureate degrees Social Work Shoumi Mustafa September 27, 2017

Developing pathways: Questions & answers Information: Mapping the pathways How many associate degrees are granted by Ohio’s public two-year institutions? How many of the associate degrees are Applied/Technical and how many are in Arts/Science? Do four-year college enrollment rates differ by associate degree types? What about graduation rates? Answers from the data Almost 15,000 associate degrees granted by public two-year colleges in 2009-10. 11,641 – 77.8% – of all associate degrees are Applied/Technical degrees. Yes. Enrollment rates are 22.1% for Applied/Tech. & 48.8% for Arts/Science. Graduation rates also differ; 50.8% for Applied/Tech. & 70.1% for Arts/Science.

From associate to baccalaureate degrees Associate degrees granted by Ohio public two-year institutions fall in two broad categories: Applied & Technical: Associate of Applied Business (AAB); Associate of Applied Science (AAS); Associate of Technical Studies (ATS) & Associate of Information Technology (AIT). Arts & Sciences Associate of Arts (AA) & Associate of Science (AS). Depending on the associate degree type and the pathways students choose, they have varied options leading to baccalaureate degrees. The required combination of courses in four-year institutions depend on the following: Type of associate degree & area of concentration Preferred baccalaureate degree discipline

Information for developing pathways An efficient system eliminates course duplication, and ensures that credits accumulated under associate degrees apply to meeting baccalaureate degree requirements. In order to develop efficient pathways, we need mappings of pathways for each prominent baccalaureate degree discipline; we need information on the following: Associate degree types + Associate degree area concentrations Subsequent four-year institution enrollment patterns Baccalaureate degree receipt Baccalaureate degree discipline Baccalaureate degree names and degree granting institutions This report considers pathways leading to baccalaureate degrees in Social Work/Human Services. A previous report considered business. A series of similar reports would be prepared for other disciplines/majors. Next: Education, STEM Fields.

Progression parameters: All associate degree recipients Associate degree types Subsequent four-year institution enrollment patterns Baccalaureate degree receipt Information presented in this report are obtained using data from the Higher Education Information (HEI) system of the Ohio Department of Higher Education.

Two-year college associate degrees in 2009-10: Distribution of degree type All Associate Degrees* N: 14,861 Applied/Technical Degrees N: 11,641 (77.8%) ATS: N:344 AAS: N:8,817 AAB: N:2,480 Arts/Science Degrees: N:3,220 (21.5%) AA: N:2,157 AS: N:960 AA & AS: N:103 AAB: Associate of Applied Business; AAS: Associate of Applied Science; ATS: Associate of Technical Studies; AA: Associate of Arts; AS: Associate of Science. *An additional 73 individuals had received both Applied/Technical & Arts/Science degrees, and another 33 had received Associate degrees in Individual Studies. Those 106 students are excluded from the chart.

Progression from associate to baccalaureate degrees: All associate degree recipients All Associate Degrees N: 14,861 Applied/Technical Degrees N: 11,641 (77.8%) Four-year enrollment: 2,575 (22.1%) Graduation: 1,304 (50.8%) Arts/Science Degrees: N:3,220 (22.2%) 1,100 (70.1%) 1,569 (48.8%) Note: Four-year enrollment refers to attendance at Ohio public four-year main and regional campuses.

Distribution of Baccalaureate degree disciplines: All associate degree recipients

Moving to specific pathways: Social Work & Human Services Questions What associate degree types usually lead to baccalaureate degrees in Social Work/Human Services? Do baccalaureate degree disciplines differ between associate degree recipients with and without area concentration in Social Work, respectively? Do baccalaureate degree disciplines differ among associate degree recipients with Social Work concentration? We focus on Applied/Technical and Arts/Science degree comparisons. Do individual four-year institutions grant different types of baccalaureate in Social Work degrees to Associate of Applied/Technical and Arts/Science degree recipients?

Classification of associate degree types: Social Work In mapping the pathways from associate degree types to baccalaureate degrees in Social Work/Human Services, we combine the associate degrees to obtain the following classifications. Combined group: (Associate of Applied Science + Associate of Technical Studies) – Social Work/Human Services concentration Combined group: (Associate of Applied Science + Associate of Technical Studies) – Non-Social Work/Human Services concentration Combined group: (Associate of Arts + Associate of Science) – Social Work/Human Services concentration Combined group: (Associate of Arts + Associate of Science) – Non- Social Work/Human Services concentration

What subjects fall under Social Work? The following programs are considered parts of Social Work and Human Services. 1. Human Services-General (under Public Administration and Services). 2. Social Work, Youth Services/Administration, and Social Work-Other (under Social Work). 3. Substance Abuse/Addiction Counseling, Psychiatric/Mental Health Services Technician, Clinical/Medical Social Work, Community Health Services/Liaison/Counseling, Marriage and Family Therapy/Counseling, Clinical Pastoral Counseling/Patient Counseling, Psychoanalysis and Psychotherapy, Mental Health Counseling/Counselor, Genetic Counseling/Counselor, Mental and Social Health Services and Allied Professions-Other from (under Mental Health & Social Services - A program that prepares individuals to help prevent substance abuse, counsel individuals and families with drug and alcohol problems, and perform intervention and therapeutic services for persons suffering from addiction). Note: Social Work/Human Services programs are identified using the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) guideline from the National Center on Education Statistics (NCES) of the U.S. Department of Education.

Progression from associate to baccalaureate degrees: Classifications for the Social Work pathway Associate of Applied Science + Technical Studies: Social Work Concentration Associate of Applied Science + Technical Studies: Non-Social Work Concentration Associate of Arts + Science: Non-Social Work Concentration Number of Associate degree recipients 372 11,269 35 3,185 Enrolled in Ohio public four-year institutions 101 2,474 18 1,551 Rate of enrollment 27.2% 22.0% 51.4% 48.7% Received baccalaureate degrees 44 1,283 14 1,088 Rate of graduation (of enrolled individuals) 43.6% 51.9% 77.8% 70.2%

AA: Associate of Arts; AS: Associate of Science. Progression from associate to baccalaureate degrees: Classifications for the Social Work pathway All Associate Degrees N: 14,861 AAS + ATS: Social Work Conc. N=372 Enrl. Num & Rate: 101 (27.2%) Grad. Num & Rate: 44 (43.6%) Non-Social Work Conc. N=11,269 2,474 (22.0%) 1,283 (51.9%) AA + AS: N=35 18 (51.4%) 14 (77.8%) N=3,185 1,551 (48.7%) 1,088 (70.2%) AAS: Associate of Applied Science; ATS: Associate of Technical Studies; AA: Associate of Arts; AS: Associate of Science.

Distribution of baccalaureate degree disciplines: Classifications for the Social Work pathway Associate of Applied Science + Technical Studies: Social Work Concentration Associate of Applied Science + Technical Studies: Non-Social Work Concentration Associate of Arts + Science: Social Work Concentration: Associate of Arts + Science: Non-Social Work Concentration Arts & Humanities 2 60 211 Business 174 1 178 Education 47 75 Engineering 144 80 Health 10 (Eight in Mental Health Services) 573 (One in Mental Health Services) 105 (Two in Mental Health Services) Natural Science & Mathematics 120 131 Services 95 26 Social & Behavioral Sci. 29 (28 in Social Work) 69 (Six in Social Work) 13 (12 in Social Work) 279 (40 in Social Work) Total number of degrees 44 1,285 14 1,088 Note: Five baccalaureate degrees in Law are not included in the table.

Distribution of baccalaureate degree disciplines: Associate of applied science & technical studies Social Work concentration 28 of the 29 degrees are in Social Work, and one is in Psychology. Eight of 10 degrees are in Mental Health Services & Therapy.

Distribution of baccalaureate degree disciplines: Associate of applied science & technical studies – Non-Social Work concentration

Distribution of baccalaureate degree disciplines: Associate of arts & associate of science Social Work concentration N=13

Distribution of baccalaureate degree disciplines: Associate of arts & associate of science Non-Social Work concentration N=131 N=105

What did we learn? Large majorities of associate degrees granted by two-year institutions are Applied/Technical in nature. Of the 14,967 associate degrees granted in 2009-10 for example, 77.8% were Applied/Technical; Arts & Science degrees accounted 21.5%. In recent years, Applied/Technical shares have fallen to approximately 70.0%. Overall, the number of associate degree recipients who went on to receive baccalaureate degrees in Social Work and Human Services is modest; 99 students received such degrees. Interestingly, among baccalaureate degree recipients in social work, those with Associate of Arts and Associate of Science degrees (without Social Work concentration) are the largest in number – 40. Associate of Applied Science & Technical Studies (with Social Work Concentration) have the second largest group of baccalaureate degree recipients in Social Work – 36, followed by Associate of Arts & Associate of Science degree (with Social Work concentration) recipients – 12. As a group, Associate of Arts and Associate of Science degree recipients with Social Work concentration have the highest proportion of baccalaureate degrees in Social Work/Human Services.