All images from Houghton Mifflin Epic of Gilgamesh All images from Houghton Mifflin

Ancient Mesopotamia This photo shows the ruins of one of the earliest Mesopotamian cities, a rich source of art objects and fine architecture. The best-known king of Uruk was the legendary Gilgamesh.

Gilgamesh (detail of soundbox) In the Sumerian Epic of Gilgamesh, Gilgamesh--king of Uruk and considered a hero-king and god--and his friend Endiku set out to attain immortality and join the ranks of gods. They attempt wondrous feats against fearsome agents of the gods. This top section of the front panel of this soundbox from a Sumerian harp, found in the tomb of the queen of Ur, depicts Gilgamesh with two man-faced bulls. University of Pennsylvania Museum

Assyrian Cylinder Seal This seventh century B.C.E. Assyrian cylinder seal depicts Enkidu, at left, helping Gilgamesh, king of Mesopotamian Uruk, slay the Bull of Heaven sent by the goddess Ishtar. Courtesy, Schoyen Collection

Overview of Early City of Uruk This photo shows the ruins of one of the earliest Mesopotamian cities, a rich source of art objects and fine architecture,. The best-known King of Uruk was the legendary Gilgamesh. Hirmer Verlag Munchen