The Moon Grab the sheet from the front for your notes today. Then brainstorm about everything you already know about the moon.

Earth-Moon-Sun Relationship Earthshine Project, BBSO (http://www.bbso.njit.edu/espr/fig10.html

What is the Moon? A large rock that orbits a planet The Earth has 1 moon Moons orbit planets Planets orbit the sun

Moon Facts There are holes on the moon’s surface called craters. The moon gets its light from the reflection of the sun. Earth’s pull of gravity keeps moon as our natural satellite 384,000km away, 1/6th the gravity of Earth

The Moon (cont.) Takes 3 days to get there with a space craft Apollo 11 put Neil Armstrong and Edwin “Buzz” Aldrin on the moon on July 16th, 1969

4. MOON FORMATION Collision- Re-forming- Earth and Moon- An early version of earth is hit by a smaller object Re-forming- The many pieces pull each other into orbit around the earth Earth and Moon- The moon forms from the material that orbits the new earth

1.THE MOON IS EARTH’S NATURAL SATELLITE The period of rotation equals the period of revolution around the Earth Only one side of the moon is seen from earth This is because the moon turns once on its axis each time it orbits the Earth Near side- side we can see Far side-side we can’t see The moon rotates counterclockwise

The Sun, Earth, & Moon

Animation of Earth, Moon, & Sun https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_QcgDiF1a14

5. MOON PHASES It takes one month for the moon to orbit around the Earth As the moon orbits around the earth, sunlight reflects off of the moon making it visible in the night sky. From Earth, we can only see certain portions of the lit moon

Animation of the Moon Phases Moon Phase Animation http://aspire.cosmic-ray.org/Labs/LunarPhases/lunar_phase3.swf

Diagram of the Moon Phases The sun is always shining on the moon. From earth we can only see certain parts of the moon that are lit by the sun.

Diagram of the Moon Phases NEW MOON The moon is lit by the sun. However, the lit side of the moon cannot be seen from Earth. The moon appears black during the NEW MOON PHASE.

Diagram of the Moon Phases The moon is lit by the sun. We can only see a small portion of the lit moon from Earth. It is called a WAXING CRESCENT. WAXING CRESCENT

Diagram of the Moon Phases The moon is lit by the sun. We can see half of the lit moon from Earth. It is called a WAXING HALF MOON or a FIRST QUARTER MOON. WAXING HALF MOON (1ST QUARTER)

Diagram of the Moon Phases The moon is lit by the sun. We can see a lot of the lit moon from Earth. It is called a WAXING GIBBOUS. WAXING GIBBOUS

Diagram of the Moon Phases The moon is lit by the sun. We can see the entire lit moon from Earth. This is the FULL MOON phase. FULL MOON

Diagram of the Moon Phases The moon is lit by the sun. We can see a lot of the lit moon from Earth. This phase is called the WANING GIBBOUS. WANING GIBBOUS

Diagram of the Moon Phases WANING HALF MOON (LAST QUARTER) The moon is lit by the sun. We can see half of the lit moon from Earth. This is known as the WANING HALF MOON or LAST QUARTER.

Diagram of the Moon Phases WANING CRESCENT The moon is lit by the sun. We can only see a small portion of the lit moon from Earth. This is called the WANING CRESCENT.

The Phases Build Upon One Another:

Let’s look at the phases all together: What does WAXING mean? What does WANING mean? What is a CRESCENT? What is a GIBBOUS?

6. MOON PHASES Cont. Full lunar phase takes one month (4 weeks) Weeks 1-2 are waxing(growing) phases Weeks 3-4 are waning (shrinking) phases

Moon Phases Songs https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xBc8QHSsFgE https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nXseTWTZlks&feature=youtu.be

What is an Eclipse? An eclipse is the blocking of light by the alignment of the Sun, Earth and Moon. Solar Lunar

Total Eclipse COMPLETE BLOCKING OF LIGHT! Total eclipses rare – only once every 360 years!

Partial Eclipse Blocking of only a PORTION OF LIGHT.

Total Lunar Eclipse Blood Moon-moon appears coppery red due to dispersed light from Earth’s sunrises and sunsets.

Eclipses https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kgbK2FZFFdw

Make observations about the different pictures and to come up with an explanation about what caused the changes in the pictures.

What is a Tide? A tide is the rise and fall of the surface level of a body of water due to the Moon’s and the Sun’s gravitational pull.

High Tide Low Tide

High Tide Low Tide

Tide Images High Tide Low Tide

Gravitational Pull Earth and the other planets are kept in orbit around the Sun by the Sun’s gravity. The larger an object, the greater the force of gravity that pulls on another object. The Moon’s gravity distorts the sea level so that the sea is slightly higher on the side of Earth closer to the Moon and also on the side of Earth further from the moon.

High Tide Facts: Occurs _twice______ a day. Water __rises______ to its highest level. Water is the __farthest___ up the beach. Occurs during ___any____ moon phase.

Low Tide Facts: Occurs __twice_____ a day. Water ______falls____ to its lowest level. Water is the __farthest__ down the beach. Occurs during ____any___ moon phase.

Draw this on paper!

What About The Sun? The sun also has an influence on the tides. Even though the sun is further away, it has much more mass than the Moon. If the Sun and Moon are pulling in the same direction on Earth, when the three bodies are in line, the tides are stronger. This is called a SPRING TIDE.

What About The Sun? If the sun is pulling on Earth at a right angle from the moon, the tides are weaker. This is called a NEAP TIDE.

Neap Tide Facts: Occurs __twice_______ per month. High Tides reach their __lowest__ level. Occur during ___first quarter____ and _third quarter____ moon phases. Occur when the Sun, Moon and Earth _are at right angles__.

Spring Tide Facts: Occurs __twice_______ per month. High Tides reach their ___highest____ level. Occur during ___new____ and ____full__ moon phases. Occur when the Sun, Moon and Earth ____align____.

Tides Spring Tide – the moon, Earth and sun align Neap Tide – when the moon, Earth and sun form a right angle https://www.meted.ucar.edu/oceans/tides_intro/media/graphics/lunardecexplain.gif http://www.meted.ucar.edu/oceans/tides_intro/menu.htm

Draw this diagram! http://aspire.cosmic-ray.org/Labs/Tides/tides_simulator.html

Spring OR Neap? Spring OR Neap? Spring, Spring, Neap, Neap

What else affects the tides? Geography Weather

Think- Pair - Share If the tide is high where you are, is the tide high or low on the side of Earth directly opposite of you? If the Earth did not turn, how would the pattern of tides be affected?

Study Jams Video

https://www.brainpop.com/science/earthsystem/tides/ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KFYf_it461s

Bill Nye: The Moon http://www.dailymotion.com/video/x3cvnk6