Why is the mineral below considered a crystal? Because it has 4 sides Because it can be broken Because it has a regular, repeating pattern Because it has luster

In: Pg. 25 What is the title of section 6.1 in the book?

Chapter 6 Rocks Cornell Notes-Pg. 32 Ch. 6 Rocks

Add to Table of Contents The Rock cycle Page 28 Rock notes Page 29

Rocks Pg. 29 What is a Rock? Rocks = Naturally-occurring mixtures of minerals, mineraloids, glass or organic matter. Mineraloid=opal, Amber, coal, etc.

What is the difference between a rock and a mineral? Rocks are made up of ONE or MORE minerals. A rock can have once-living material in it.

Once a rock is formed, does it stay the same rock forever? NO!

Rocks are continually changed by many processes, such as weathering, erosion, compaction, cementation, melting, and cooling. Rocks can change to and from the three types: 1. Igneous 2. Sedimentary 3. Metamorphic

Here’s a Little Story… (Don’t need to write) Once upon a time, there was this volcano who had hot magma churning deep inside. It was making him sick, and so he threw up. I don’t feel so hot. I think I need to vomit.

As chunks of lava flew out, they cooled and hardened As chunks of lava flew out, they cooled and hardened. New rocks were born! One was named Iggy. Iggy

As Iggy rolled down the mountain, little bits of him started to come off. These little bits were called sediments, and the little bits were carried off by wind, water and other natural forces.

“Oh no. ” thought Iggy, “I will never see those parts of me again “Oh no!” thought Iggy, “I will never see those parts of me again!” And he was sad. Iggy

Little did Iggy know that the parts of him that had broken off of him would enjoy a cool journey. After being carried by wind and water, they ended up in piles. After many layers of piles, pressure built up and water began to cement the sediments together into sedimentary rock.

Some of the sedimentary rock at the very bottom began to get squished by the pressure from all the rock on top of it. As it got pushed down further, it heated up and began to bake! The rocks baked so much that they became new rock called metamorphic rock. Is it hot in here? I think I am going to bake!!

Some of the rock got so hot that it even melted back into magma and traveled back to the mantle. By this time, Iggy had also melted. When Iggy saw that all of him had melted and was now back together, he was very excited. He just hoped the volcano wouldn’t get sick again. THE END.

What is the process through which rocks change?(Write now) The Rock Cycle—the process through which earth materials change back and forth among the different types of rocks.

Igneous rock Metamorphic rock

Sedimentary rock

Igneous rock Sedimentary rock

IGNEOUS Weathering, Erosion, Compaction, Cementation Heat and Pressure Draw on page 28 IGNEOUS Weathering, Erosion, Compaction, Cementation Heat and Pressure Melting, Solidification Melting, Solidification Weathering, Erosion, Compaction, Cementation SEDIMENTARY METAMORPHIC Heat and Pressure

Thru 2 Pg. 29 Analysis Questions: Which processes turn rock into: Sediments Magma Metamorphic rock What turns magma into igneous rock? What turns sediments into sedimentary rock?

Assignment: Construct a Rock cycle Rock Cycle Cutout Activity. Cutout the arrows and pictures from the “Cutout Sheet”. Glue them in the appropriate place on the “Rock Cycle” Diagram. Turn in your paper.

Out Fill in the blanks with: Igneous rock Sedimentary rock Metamorphic rock Weathering, Erosion, Compaction, Cementation Heat and Pressure Melting, Solidification Melting, Solidification Heat and Pressure Weathering, Erosion, Compaction, Cementation

Wed. 11/21 and Mon 11/26

What is a rock? What is the difference between a rock and a mineral?

IGNEOUS METAMORPHIC SEDIMENTARY Fill in the blanks with: Igneous rock Sedimentary rock Metamorphic rock IGNEOUS Weathering, Erosion, Compaction, Cementation Heat and Pressure Melting, Solidification Melting, Solidification Heat and Pressure SEDIMENTARY METAMORPHIC Weathering, Erosion, Compaction, Cementation

Metamorphic rock forms when the structure of pre-existing rock is changed. What processes can change rock in this manner? a. Extruding and Cooling b. Compaction & Cementation c. Weathering & Erosion d. Heat & Pressure

Video on Minerals and Rocks

Tunka-Shila, Grandfather Rock What process in the rock cycle does Paragraph A describe? What type of rock is being formed? What process in the rock cycle does Paragraph B describe?Paragraph B? What are your feelings about this story? Did it help you learn about rocks? Did it help you to understand how other cultures view the formation of our planet?

Chapter 6 Rocks Cornell Notes-Pg. 32 Ch. 6 Rocks

Review: What are the types of rocks? IGNEOUS SEDIMENTARY METAMORPHIC Rocks are divided into 3 groups based on how they were formed

Add to table of contents: Pumice worksheet Pg. 30 Igneous Rocks Pg. 31

“Ignis” = Latin for “fire”. Igneous Rocks Pg. 31 “Ignis” = Latin for “fire”. Formed from the cooling of either magma or lava. The most abundant type of rock. Classified according to their origin and composition.

ORIGIN— Where rocks are formed 1. Below ground = from magma- forms intrusive igneous rock. Usually have LARGE crystal grains (they cooled slowly)

2. Above ground = from lava- forms extrusive igneous rock Usually have SMALL or NO crystals (they cooled too quickly)

Some have large & small crystals (called porphyritic)

Peridotite: Intrusive or Extrusive? Why?

Granite: Intrusive or Extrusive? Why?

Porphyry: Intrusive or Extrusive? Why?

Obsidian: Intrusive or Extrusive? Why?

COMPOSITION— What kind of substances the rocks are made of.

Volcano video

Pumice worksheet

Add to Table of Contents Blank Pg. 32 Sedimentary Rocks Pg. 33 Tunka-Shila Questions Pg. 34 Rock types Pg. 35

Formed from sediments that are pressed or cemented together. Sedimentary Rocks Pg. 33 Formed from sediments that are pressed or cemented together. Sedimentary rocks represent 7% of the Earth’s crust, but they cover 70% of the Earth’s surface.

Sediments= Rock fragments, mineral grains, animal & plant remains. Water or wind breaks down rock into sediments.

These sediments are moved by wind, water, ice or gravity. Then they are deposited (dropped)

What turns sediments into solid rock? Compaction=The heavy sediments press down on the layers beneath causing the sediments to fuse together.

Cementation=Dissolved minerals flow between the particles and cement them together.

Rocks that have changed due to intense temperature and pressure Metamorphic Rocks Rocks that have changed due to intense temperature and pressure “Meta” means “change” and morphosis means “form” in Greek Igneous, sedimentary and other metamorphic rocks can change to become metamorphic rocks

What occurs in the Earth to change these rocks? Pressure from overlying rock layers High heat, but not enough to melt the rock Rocks may be flattened or bent or atoms may be exchanged to form new minerals.

*You can think of metamorphic rocks as a squished peanut butter & jelly sandwich in your lunch.

How are metamorphic rocks classified? Foliated—mineral grains are flattened and line up in parallel bands Example: gneiss formed from rearrangement of minerals in granite into bands

How are metamorphic rocks classified? Non-Foliated—No bands are formed Example: marble formed from limestone

Where do metamorphic rocks usually form? Where magma intrudes relatively cool rock Near colliding plates (near mountain ranges) Places that are covered miles thick with other rock causing pressure When hot water intrudes rock Where a meteorite strikes Earth (rare) Where lightning bolts strike rocks (rare)

Out This is an obsidian, an igneous rock. Is this an extrusive or intrusive igneous rock? Explain.

Tues. 11/27 and Wed. 11/28 sub

A sample of basalt has smaller crystals than a sample of granite A sample of basalt has smaller crystals than a sample of granite. What is the most likely reason for this? The basalt a. forms when magma cools slowly. b. forms when magma cools quickly. c. contains lighter elements than granite. d. contains heavier elements than granite.

In: Pg. 33 What are 3 uses that humans have for rocks?

Thru 1: Pg. 34 Movie clip: Rocks(17 minutes)-watch the movie clip and write down 5 facts. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

Thru 2 Pg. 35 3 column vocab. Intrusive igneous rock Extrusive igneous rock Felsic Mafic Compaction 6. Cementation Chemical sedimentary rock Pg. 36 Organic sedimentary rock Clastic sedimentary rock 10. Metamorphism 11. Contact metamorphism 12. Regional metamorphism 13. Foliation 14. Nonfoliated

Out Coal was formed when the remains of ancient plants were buried and compacted before they could decay. Coal is a _______ sedimentary rock because it…

Thurs. 11/29 and Fri. 11/30 Quiz today—get out paper and your INB. Test-Ch. 6 Rocks next class. INB Check #2 next class.

Quiz A rock is made of one or more_______. Pg 29 Is obsidian and intrusive or extrusive igneous rock? Pg 29 What is the answer to #2? Pg 30 What does “ignis” mean? Pg 32 Where a rock is formed is called its _____. Pg 32 _______ igneous rocks cool above the earth’s surface. Pg 32 Rock fragments, mineral grains and plant and animal remains are called______. Pg 32 ______ is when dissolved minerals flow between particles and cement them together to form sedimentary rock. Pg 32 ______ rocks are rocks that have change due to intense heat and pressure. Pg 32 In a ______ metamorphic rock, mineral grains are flattened and line up in parallel bands.

Which two classes of rock will form near or at Earth’s surface? a. Extrusive igneous and sedimentary b. Sedimentary and intrusive igneous c. Metamorphic and igneous d. Metamorphic and sedimentary

Rock Identification Characteristics Fine Grain Smooth appearance In igneous and metamorphic rock=no or very small crystals Sedimentary rock=small particles Coarse Grain Rough or grainy appearance In igneous and metamorphic rock=larger crystals Sedimentary rock=larger particles

Course grained sedimentary rock

Coarse grained igneous rock

Coarse grained metamorphic rock

Fine grained sedimentary rock

Fine grained igneous rock

Fine grained metamorphic rock

Metamorphic Rock Foliated-minerals arranged in bands. Unfoliated-minerals not banded.

In: Pg.37 On the next slide are 4 metamorphic rocks. Tell me if they are foliated or unfoliated. 1. 2. 3. 4.

1 3 4 2

Thru 1: Pg. 38 Rock Identification Lab.

Out The 3 types of rock are igneous, sedimentary and metamorphic. What type of rock is this? How do you know?

Add to table of contents Tunka-Shila Questions Pg. 34 Rock types Pg. 35

Notebook Check The Rock cycle Pg. 28 Rock notes Pg. 29 Pumice Pg. 30 Igneous Rocks Pg. 31 Blank Pg. 32 Sedimentary Rocks Pg. 33 Tunka-Shila Pg. 34 Metamorphic Rock Pg. 35