Waves and Everything THE BASICS 4th Quarter Overview Compiled by Jack Graham April 2013

Standard 8Sf: The student will demonstrate an understanding of the properties and behaviors of waves. (Physical Science) Essential Questions: How do waves transmit energy but not matter? What is the difference between mechanical and electromagnetic waves? What are the four basic properties of waves? How do the factors of these properties influence waves? What are the behaviors of waves? How does the ear detect sound waves? What is the interaction between the eye and light? How do humans see color? What is the electromagnetic spectrum?

Standard 8Sf: The student will demonstrate an understanding of the properties and behaviors of waves. (Physical Science) Indicators: Recall that waves transmit energy but not matter. Distinguish between mechanical and electromagnetic waves. Summarize factors that influence the basic properties of waves (including frequency, amplitude, wavelength, and speed). Summarize the behaviors of waves (including refraction, reflection, transmission, and absorption). Explain hearing in terms of the relationship between sound waves and the ear. Explain sight in terms of the relationship between the eye and the light waves emitted or reflected by an object. Explain how the absorption and reflection of light waves by various materials result in the human perception of color. Compare the wavelength and energy of waves in various parts of the electromagnetic spectrum (including visible light, infrared, and ultraviolet radiation).

Time Line 4th Quarter 15-Apr 1 Wave Vocabulary 16-Apr 17-Apr 18-Apr 2 8Sf-1 Slinky Waves 18-Apr 19-Apr 3 8Sf-2 & 3 22-Apr 23-Apr 4 8Sf-4 Wave table 24-Apr 25-Apr 5 8Sf-4 Wave table 26-Apr 29-Apr 6 8Sf-4 Light exp 30-Apr 1-May 7 STEM Projects 2-May 3-May 8 STEM Projects 6-May 7-May 9 8Sf-5 Sound exp 8-May 9-May 10 8Sf-5 ears work 10-May 13-May 11 8Sf-6 eyes work 14-May 15-May 12 8Sf-7 light color 16-May 17-May 13 8Sf-7 light color 20-May 21-May 14 8Sf-8 e-m spectrum 22-May 23-May 15 8Sf-8 e-m spectrum 24-May 27-May No School 28-May 16 Review All Science 29-May 30-May 17 Review All Science 31-May 3-Jun 18 Review All Science 4-Jun 5-Jun 19 Review All Science 6-Jun 7-Jun 20 Review All Science 10-Jun 11-Jun 21 Exams 12-Jun 13-Jun 14-Jun

All Kinds of Waves

Basic Waves Vocabulary Crest (Ridge) ≡ Highest valued part of a wave graph Trough (Valley) ≡ Lowest valued part of a wave graph Wavelength ≡ Distance from one crest to the next crest Amplitude ≡ Height (or depth) measured from graph zero

Basic Waves Vocabulary

Basic Waves Vocabulary Absorption

Electromagnetic Spectrum

Big Bang Time Waves?

Sound Spectrum

Sound Spectra 101 102 103 104 105

Milky way scientists Blame it on the Rain (from Saturn's Rings) This artist's concept illustrates how charged water particles flow into the Saturnian atmosphere from the planet's rings, causing a reduction in atmospheric brightness. The observations were made with the W.M. Keck Observatory on Mauna Kea, Hawaii, with NASA funding. The analysis was led by the University of Leicester, England. Image credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech/Space Science Institute/University of Leicester A new study tracks the "rain" of charged water particles into the atmosphere of Saturn and finds there is more of it and it falls across larger areas of the planet than previously thought. The study, whose observations were funded by NASA and whose analysis was led by the University of Leicester, England, reveals that the rain influences the composition and temperature structure of parts of Saturn's upper atmosphere. The paper appears in this week's issue of the journal Nature.  "Saturn is the first planet to show significant interaction between its atmosphere and ring system," said James O'Donoghue, the paper's lead author and a postgraduate researcher at Leicester. "The main effect of ring rain is that it acts to 'quench' the ionosphere of Saturn. In other words, this rain severely reduces the electron densities in regions in which it falls."  O'Donoghue explains that the ring's effect on electron densities is important because it explains why, for many decades, observations have shown those densities to be unusually low at certain latitudes on Saturn. The study also helps scientists better understand the origin and evolution of Saturn's ring system and changes in the planet's atmosphere.