SPACE Naya Papadopoulou & Christie Mihou ELC B Senior Presentations Day 1

THE UNIVERSE The Universe is everything we can touch, feel, sense, measure or detect. It includes living things, planets, stars, galaxies, dust clouds, light, and even time. Before the birth of the Universe, time, space and matter did not exist. The Universe contains billions of galaxies, each containing millions or billions of stars.

THE BIG BANG Most astronomers believe the Universe began in a Big Bang about 14 billion years ago. At that time, the entire Universe was inside smaller than a pinhead. It was hotter and denser than anything we can imagine. Most astronomers believe the Universe began in a Big Bang about 14 billion years ago. At that time, the entire Universe was inside smaller than a pinhead. It was hotter and denser than anything we can imagine. Then it suddenly exploded. The Universe that we know was born. In a fraction of a second, the Universe grew from smaller than a single atom to bigger than a galaxy. And it kept on growing at a fantastic rate. It is still expanding today. Then it suddenly exploded. The Universe that we know was born. In a fraction of a second, the Universe grew from smaller than a single atom to bigger than a galaxy. And it kept on growing at a fantastic rate. It is still expanding today. Over the next three minutes, the temperature dropped below 1 billion degrees Celsius. Over the next three minutes, the temperature dropped below 1 billion degrees Celsius. After years, the Universe had cooled to about 3000 degrees. Atoms were finally formed! The Universe filled with clouds of hydrogen and helium gas. After years, the Universe had cooled to about 3000 degrees. Atoms were finally formed! The Universe filled with clouds of hydrogen and helium gas.

The Universe is incredibly huge. It would take a modern jet fighter more than a million years to reach the nearest star to the Sun. Travelling at the speed of light (300,000 km / second), it would take 100,000 years to cross our Milky Way galaxy alone.

SPACE

SPACE 'Outer space' begins about 100 km above the Earth, where the shell of air around our planet disappears. 'Outer space' begins about 100 km above the Earth, where the shell of air around our planet disappears. With no air to send sunlight and have a blue sky, space looks like a black blanket dotted with stars. With no air to send sunlight and have a blue sky, space looks like a black blanket dotted with stars.

Did you know… In space, no one can hear you scream! This is because there is no air in space. Sound cannot travel without air. Space looks empty but the gaps between the stars and planets are filled with huge amounts of gas and dust.

THE SUN

The Sun is the star at the center of the Solar System. It is a sphere of hot plasma. It is very important because it gives energy for life on Earth. Its diameter is about 1.39 million kilometers, 109 times bigger than Earth, and its mass is about 330,000 times that of Earth. It consists of hydrogen (3/4), helium, oxygen, carbon, neon, and iron.

VENUS Venus is the second planet from the Sun. It takes 243 days to rotate and goes around in the opposite direction to most other planets. It is named after the Roman goddess of love and beauty. It is the second-brightest natural object in the night sky after the Moon, and, rarely, visible to the naked eye during day.

MARS Mars is the fourth planet from the Sun and the second-smallest planet in the Solar System after Mercury. Mars takes its name from the Roman god of war, and we often call it the "Red Planet“. It looks red because there is too much iron oxide on it. Mars has got a thin atmosphere, and it looks like the Moon and the Earth. It has got valleys, deserts, and ice on the poles.

THE EARTH The Earth is the third planet from the Sun and the only object in the Universe known to have life. The Earth formed over 4 billion years ago. It has a, the Moon. The Earth revolves around the Sun in days, and this time is called an Earth year. The gravity and the interaction between the Earth and Moon causes ocean tides, stabilizes the Earth's orientation on its axis, and gradually slows its rotation. The Earth is a very dense planet and the largest of the four terrestrial planets.

THE MOON The Moon orbits planet Earth, being the Earth's only natural satellite. The Moon orbits planet Earth, being the Earth's only natural satellite. It is the fifth-largest natural satellite in the Solar System. The Moon is the second-densest satellite compared to Jupiter's satellite Io,. It is the fifth-largest natural satellite in the Solar System. The Moon is the second-densest satellite compared to Jupiter's satellite Io,.

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