Provenance as a series of events Christian-Emil Ore University of Oslo

The history of a parchment folio The leaf from the Kringla manuscript European digital library record: Creator: Sturluson, Snorri Title: Kringla leaf Library: Landsbókasafn Íslands – Háskólabókasafn Shelfnumber: Manuscript Department: Lbs fragment Document type: Manuscript Subject: History

The Journey of Kringla manuscript ©CIDOC 2009 The Journey of Kringla manuscript A collection of kings' sagas written in Iceland around 1225 by the poet and historian Snorri Sturluson (1179–1242) 1260 the Kringla manuscript were written containing the sagas and other material. In the 16th c. the Kringla-manuscript was in Bergen, Norway Used along with other manuscripts by the priest Peder Clausson Friis in the first printed edition of Kringlaheimsins (1530) Around 1600 the Kringla-manuscript was moved to University Library in Copenhagen 1682-1687 The Icelandic Jón Eggertsson (1643-89), a illicit trader in medieval Icelandic manuscripts, copied the Kringla-manuscript for the Swedish king, removed a folio (Kringla leaf). The copy (Holm. Papp. 18 fol) together with the folio as a quality proof was sent to the Royal Library in Stockholm, Sweden. Around 1700 the Kringla-manuscript was sent to the Icelandic Tormod Torfæus in Karmøy, Norway and copied by his assistant Ásgeir Jónsson. The copies are known as AM 35, AM36, AM63 and are used for all modern edition of the sagas. Beginning of 18th c. the Kringla-manuscript was returned to Copenhagen 1728 The Kringla manuscript was lost in the great fire of Copenhagen End 19th c. the Kringla leaf in the Royal Library, Stockholm was identified to be a part of Kringla manuscript 1975 the Kringla leaf was given to Iceland by the Swedish king Karl Gustav Now in the Icelandic National Library (Lbs. fragm. 82) as the only known remaining part of the Kringla manuscript.

Kringla – provenance written ©CIDOC 2009 Kringla – provenance written A collection of kings' sagas written in Iceland around 1225 by the poet and historian Snorri Sturluson (1179–1242) 1260 the Kringla manuscript were written containing the sagas and other material. In the 16th c. the Kringla-manuscript was in Bergen, Norway Used along with other manuscripts by the priest Peder Clausson Friis in the first printed edition of Kringlaheimsins (1530) Around 1600 the Kringla-manuscript was moved to University Library in Copenhagen 1682-1687 The Icelandic Jón Eggertsson (1643-89), a illicit trader in Medieval Icelandic manuscripts, copied the Kringla-manuscript for the Swedish king, removed a folio (Kringla leaf). The copy (Holm. Papp. 18 fol) together with the folio as a quality proof was sent to the Royal Library in Stockholm, Sweden. Around 1700 the Kringla-manuscript was sent to the Icelandic Tormod Torfæus in Karmøy, Norway and copied by his assistant Ásgeir Jónsson. The copies are known as AM 35, AM36, AM63 and are used for all modern edition of the sagas. Beginning of 18th c. the Kringla-manuscript was returned to Copenhagen 1728 The Kringla manuscript was lost in the great fire of Copenhagen End 19th c. the Kringla leaf in the Royal Library, Stockholm was identified to be a part of Kringla manuscript 1975 the Kringla leaf was given to Iceland by the Swedish king Karl Gustav Now in the Icelandic National Library (Lbs. fragm. 82) as the only known remaining part of the Kringla manuscript.

Kringla – provenance 1 P94 has created P128 carries P25 moved P14 carried of by P94 has created E73 Information Object E65 Creation E21 Person Content of the texts Conception and writing Snorri Sturluson (1179–1242) E84 Information Carrier Kringla manuscript E55 Type Velum, codex P2 has type E12 Production Writing, illumination binding, 1260 E53 Place Iceland P7 Took place at P108 produced P128 carries P26 moved to E53 Place Copenhagen, Denmark P27 moved from E9 Move E10 Transfer of Custody E8 Acquisition 1600 – 1650 P25 moved E9 Move E10 Transfer of Custody E8 Acquisition 1400 – 1500 P27 moved from P26 moved to E53 Place Bergen, Norway P25 moved E65 Creation The printed edition1530 E21 Person Peder Clausson P14 carried of by P7 took place at P12 was present at

Kringla – provenance 2 P25 moved P12 was present at P94 has created P108 produced P14 carried of by E84 Information Carrier E12 Production Event E21 Person Kringla leaf and the Holm. Papp. 18 fol. Copying of the Kringla , removal of a leaf 1680-1687 Jón Eggertsson (1643-89) P7 took place at P31 has modified E53 Place P26 moved to Karmøy, Norway E53 Place E9 Move E10 Transfer of Custody 1400 – 1500 P27 moved from P25 moved Copenhagen, Denmark P26 moved to P27 moved from E9 Move E10 Transfer of Custody 1705 – 1728 P25 moved E84 Information Carrier E6 Destruction P13 destroyed The Great fire in Copenhagen 1728 E5 Event P10 falls within Kringla Manuscript E12 Production The copying of Kringla 1695 – 1705 E21 Person Ásgeir Jónsson P12 was present at E84 Information Carrier AM 35, AM 36, AM 63 P94 has created P14 carried of by

Kringla – provenance 3 P46 forms part of P138 represents P62 depicts E53 Place Copenhagen, Denmark P25 Moved E9 Move E10 Transfer of Custody 1680-1687 P27 moved from P26 moved to Stockholm E84 Information Carrier Kringla leaf and the Holm. Papp. 18 fol. E84 Information Carrier Kringla leaf P46 forms part of P26 moved to P27 moved from E9 Move E10 Transfer of Custody E8 Acquisition 1975 P25 Moved E53 Place Iceland E36 Visual Item Image of the Kringla leaf E65 Creation photographing P94 has created E84 Information Carrier Color slide Jpg file on a disk P128 carries E12 Production digitization P62 depicts P138 represents

Summing up CIDOC CRM Coherently integrates information at varying degrees of detail Designed for mediation of cultural heritage information Enables story telling / provenance of cultural objects Supports all information categories suggested by ObjectID Formal ontology – supports deduction systems e.g. investigation databases

Summing up Information integration View the contextual information as first class objects Add provenance to your database system Keep track of the events your object has been involved in Link your objects to accepted authorities vocabulars