November 27 2016 ~Fill out your planners~ Pass out New India Packets Bellringer – India is a river valley civilization. What can you assume, about the geography, knowing this? Essential Questions for unit Geography of Ancient India & First People HW: Read pages 124 – 129 add to notes

Ancient India Geography and Early Cultures PowerPoint Packet pages 2 & 3

What river valley civilizations have we studied so far What river valley civilizations have we studied so far? What do all have in common? What assumptions can you make about India?

India is so large that it is considered to be a subcontinent. What is a subcontinent? A large landmass that is smaller than a continent. Scientists believe that India crashed into modern day Asia when ____Pangea________ broke up millions of years ago.

India’s Mountains and Landforms What mountain range runs along the Northeast border of Modern India? The Himalayan Mountains What mountain range runs along the Northwest border of Modern India? The Hindu Kush What landforms cover most of India? Fertile plains and Plateaus

More information: What River Valley did Indian civilization originate from? The Indus River Valley; Inhabited 5500BC; farming around 4000BC When heavy snows in the Himalayas melted, the Indus River would flood leaving behind a layer of silt. This is just like the flooding in Mesopotamia and Egypt. What kind of climate does India experience? Hot and Humid

Harappan Civilization The first Indian civilization was called the Harappan We do not know much, as we can not read their writing We do not have a “Rosetta Stone” Focused on trade & religion rather than military might Artifacts to not focus on war

Harappan Civilization What we can tell from primary sources is that they were very advanced 2 major cities were: Mohenjo Doro and Harappa They were well planned! Examples: Stood near a towering fortress (defenders could look down on the cities streets from these fortresses) Brick Streets Streets crossed at right angles Many public wells

Artist’s drawing to show layout based off of found artifacts.

Harappan Primary Sources Notice the attention to detail that was given Harappan Primary Sources Notice the attention to detail that was given. What assumptions can be made based off of this?

What inferences can be made based off of these primary sources?

Aryan Invasion

The Aryans They (Harappan) were conquered by the Aryans. At first the Aryans were nomads that took control of the river valley. What caused them to create permanent settlements? FARMING At first the Aryan settlers did NOT read or write. The important poems and hymns in Aryan culture had to be memorized. They were called the Vedas. Eventually Sanskrit records were written down. The most important language of Ancient India was Sanskrit.