CIS101 Week 1 Chapter 1 Why Computers Matter to You: Becoming Computer Literate Chapter 1 introduces the basics of becoming computer literate, including many concepts that will be developed throughout the course. Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall

Chapter Topics Computer literacy Computers and careers Technology challenges Topics include: Computer literacy Computers and careers Technology challenges Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall

Why Become Computer Literate? Benefits of learning about computers include: Being a knowledgeable consumer Using current and future technology Increasing your career options Understanding ethical and legal implications The information age is upon us, and every corner of our lives has been affected. Everything we do—our work, our play, the way we communicate and carry on commerce, and our relationships—has been affected by computers. By becoming computer literate you will be familiar enough with computers to understand their capabilities and limitations and to know how to use them. Becoming computer literate is what this course is all about. Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall

Be a Savvy Computer User and Consumer Avoid hackers and viruses Protect your privacy Understand the real privacy and security risks Use the Internet wisely Now that the personal computer is such a large part of our lives, knowing how to analyze, choose, purchase, and maintain your own computer system is a required skill for success in the academic and business worlds. Being a savvy consumer will help you accomplish all the goals on this and the following slide. It will save you money, make you more productive, help you protect your identity, and ensure that you have a working system when you need it. As technology evolves, you will also be able to keep up and adapt. Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall

Be a Savvy Computer User and Consumer Avoid online annoyances Maintain your computer Make good purchase decisions Integrate the latest technology Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall

Computers in the Workplace Information technology (IT) involves: Information handling Information retrieval Computers Telecommunications Software deployment The seven fastest-growing occupations are computer related. Computers are used in most occupations, and one career that often comes to mind is information technology. IT is the set of techniques used in handling and retrieving of information automatically. IT includes computers, telecommunications, and software deployment. IT jobs are on the rise, and the seven fastest-growing occupations are computer related. Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall

Computers in Your Career? Computers are used in: Business Retail Delivery Arts Computer gaming Education Law enforcement Legal system Agriculture Automotive technology Medicine Sciences Regardless of which profession you pursue, computers are most likely in use in that setting. A National Research Council study concluded that by 2030, computers will replace people in 60% of current jobs. Becoming computer literate will help you perform your job more effectively and make you a more desirable employee. Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall

Computers in Business, Retail, and Delivery Data mining Package tracking Forecasting models Business around the world is conducted on computers. Information is stored in enormous databases. To make meaning of all that data, businesses use a process known as data mining to spot trends. Some businesses use package tracking with wireless Bluetooth technology. Computers assist businesses with predicting sales and inventory levels. Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall

Computers in the Arts Create Web sites Digitize dance movements Produce computer-generated art The creative arts have also been enhanced by computers. Artists communicate and collaborate across oceans. Writers and editors complete their work together from across the country. New forms of graphic arts and cinematography are introduced every day—globally and immediately. Even dance has been enhanced with the computer. Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall

Computers in Gaming Get a job doing: Design Programming 3D animation The computer and video game industry is enormous. In fact, revenues from computer gaming in the United States have surpassed revenues from Hollywood. Very intricate programming lies behind these games. The animations are the result of years of research and development, and new games are developed every day. Because computer games are best developed for a local market by people native to that market, game development will most likely stay in the United States instead of being offshored, as many programming jobs have been. Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall

Computers in Education Instructional software Distance education Computerized research The Internet Virtual field trips PDA-guided tours Computers have given teachers tremendous new tools for presenting information and keeping records. Colleges offer full degree programs totally online. Vast stores of information are available wherever there is an Internet connection. Libraries have brought the computer into their operations. Training tutorials are used to teach new tasks, and research is done from the desktop. Education will never be the same. Museums are incorporating tools such as personal digital assistants (PDAs) to enhance tours by offering extended learning experiences about their displays. Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall

Digital Home You can control home systems from your computer and via the Internet: Entertainment Security Lights Heating and cooling Appliances Devices can be added to your computer to control digital systems and equipment in the home. In the future, with the integration of new and emerging technologies, a digital home setup will be able to tell when you are out of milk in the refrigerator, order it from the grocery store, and schedule its delivery based on your online calendar. Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall

Digital Home: Components Media computer with: TV tuner Radio tuner Media software Blu-ray, DVD, and/or CD Network adapter A basic set of digital home components would include a media computer with a TV tuner; a radio tuner; media software; a Blu-ray, DVD, and/or CD player and/or recorder; and a network adapter. It would also require access to a network, a digital television, a digital media adapter, and a universal remote. Such a system would allow you to show videos or play music from your computer on a television in any room of your house. Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall

Computers in Law Enforcement Search databases Predict criminal activity Employ computer forensics Law enforcement uses computers to quickly find records, locate possible suspects, and investigate accounts. Criminologists can use specialized software to forecast criminal activity. Computer forensics is the application of computer systems and techniques to gather potential legal evidence. Computer programs like the Forensic Tool Kit (FTK) can catalog and index a hard drive and help investigators recover deleted or damaged files from computers used in the commission of a crime. Software programs are even available to train law enforcement officers to recognize when a suspect is lying. Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall

Computers in the Legal System Surveillance cameras capture crimes Forensic animations based on evidence High-tech courtrooms Handheld wireless devices to display evidence Online legal libraries Computers have changed the way the government interacts with the public. Records, laws, and transactions in electronic form have become common and have increased the speedy access to and usefulness of legal information. From the license plate number that can be run in seconds to the income tax form that can be filed electronically, the computer has had an enormous effect on the law. Surveillance cameras watch over us constantly, snapping a picture (for instance) when we run a red light. For use in court, animators make movies of events the way they probably happened, bringing to the screen a clearer picture than mere testimony can provide. Wireless courtrooms and wireless devices have revolutionized the legal system. Lawyers utilize electronic databases and libraries. Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall

Computers in Agriculture Programs manage complex farming business and information systems RFID tags track and record animals in case of diseases Computerized sensors monitor conditions and activate equipment to protect crops Farm management programs assist in managing complex business and information systems. Radio frequency identification (RFID) tags are placed on the ears of livestock so that animals can be tracked and a record can be kept in case of disease outbreaks. Computerized sensors monitor conditions and activate equipment to protect crops like cranberries. Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall

Computers in Automotive Technology Environmental trends and government regulations Computerized sensors and CPU systems in vehicles Consumer demand for computerized subsystems Environmental trends and government regulations influence the use of technology in vehicles. Automotive technicians diagnose and research problems with computerized sensors and CPU systems in vehicles using computers, databases, and the Internet. Consumer demand for computer subsystems like GPS navigation, digital music systems, and voice-controlled phones continues to grow. Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall

Computers in Medicine Patient simulators and surgical robots Digital modeling of human anatomy The ability of the computer to store, process, and distribute vast amounts of information globally and immediately has led to tremendous breakthroughs in pharmaceuticals and disease prevention. People are living longer, healthier lives, and computers have played a large part in this development. Medical professionals can now train on patient simulators without risking a patient’s life. Surgery is being performed with robotic equipment. In the Physiome Project, bioengineers are creating realistic computer simulations of all human biological systems. Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall

Biomedical Implants Technological solutions to physical problems Identity chips Moral implications Retinal implants are replacing damaged nerves and providing sight to the blind. Biomedical implants can also monitor systems inside the body for problems and catch them before they get out of control. Identity chips are being embedded in humans and can be scanned to prove a person’s identity. Will society view implants that contain this kind of personal data acceptable? Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall

Computers in the Sciences Supercomputers create simulations in Astronomy Meteorology Archaeology Science has used the computer to streamline studies, eliminate redundancy, test hypotheses, develop theories, and communicate findings. The computer has enabled vast new levels of global collaboration, advancing fields like engineering, chemistry, physics, and cosmology to unprecedented levels. Supercomputers crunch enormous amounts of data, creating simulations that model planets and their orbits, for instance. Thanks to detailed simulations, tornado forecasting may be getting more accurate. 3D modeling and imaging software is helping archeologists simulate ancient civilizations. Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall

Computers in Sports Improved training Timing and scorekeeping Data storage and statistics Smartballs sense when soccer goals are scored Computers are now being used to help athletes analyze their performance and improve their game. Watch an auto race and look at the computers in the pits. Coaches in football use computers constantly. Officials use them to control games. The use of computers at the Olympic Games is legendary. In soccer, Smartballs are used to sense automatically when balls cross the goal line. Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall

Nanotechnology Nano: Prefix stands for one-billionth Nanoscience: Study of molecules and nanostructures Nanostructures: Range in size from 1 to 100 nanometers Nanotechnology: Science of the use of nanostructures A nanometer is one-billionth of a meter. Nanoscience involves the study of molecules and structures (called nanostructures) that range from 1 to 100 nanometers. Nanotechnology is the science involving the use of nanostructures to build devices on an extremely small scale. The devices are called nanoscale machines and represent the smallest human-made structures that can be built. Working at the molecular level, scientists are building microscopic machines that perform assigned tasks. New materials and processes are emerging in this exciting new field of discovery. Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall

Computers in Psychology Affective computing: Computing that relates to emotion or tries to influence emotion Emotional social prosthesis (ESP) device Biped (two-legged) robots Affective computing is computing that relates to emotion or deliberately tries to influence emotion. The emotional social prosthesis (ESP) device, developed by a group at the MIT Media Lab, is targeted at helping people who have autism. Researchers are also working on bipedal robots that move like humans and can walk, run, and climb stairs. Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall

Challenges Facing a Digital Society Privacy risks Personal data collection E-mail monitoring Copyright infringement Reliance on computers for security Digital divide The information age brings to each of us a set of unprecedented challenges. Our identity can be stolen. Our work e-mails can be viewed. Otherwise law-abiding citizens illegally copy software. Without thinking, we cut and paste from copyrighted material on the Web. The discrepancy between the “haves” and “have-nots” with regards to computer technology is commonly referred to as the digital divide. As computers become more and more embedded in our lives, all of these challenges will grow. Using their knowledge and awareness, users must make the personal decisions required to efficiently, legally, and safely maneuver through cyberspace. Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall

Chapter 1 Summary Questions What does it mean to be “computer literate”? What does it mean to be “computer literate”? Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall

Chapter 1 Summary Questions How does being computer literate make you a savvy computer user and consumer? How does being computer literate make you a savvy computer user and consumer? Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall

Chapter 1 Summary Questions How can becoming computer literate help you in a career? How can becoming computer literate help you in a career? Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall

Chapter 1 Summary Questions How can becoming computer literate help you understand and take advantage of newly emerging careers? How can becoming computer literate help you understand and take advantage of newly emerging careers? Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall

Chapter 1 Summary Questions How does becoming computer literate help you deal with the challenges associated with technology? How does becoming computer literate help you deal with the challenges associated with technology? Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall

Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher. Printed in the United States of America. Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc.   Publishing as Prentice Hall 30