© Students of History - http://www. teacherspayteachers

Hitler gains support in the Nazi Party by attacking the hated Treaty of Versailles Blames Germany’s problems on Jews and foreign powers Appointed Chancellor of Germany in 1933 Transforms the Weimar Republic into the Third Reich, a total dictatorship

Hitler wanted to create a “master race” where Aryan people would be considered a pure race and superior to other people Anti-Semitism or prejudice against Jews had been around for centuries

Dr. Joseph Goebbels was the head of the Nazi Propaganda Ministry and controlled all communications Encouraged book burning to eliminate other ideas

Heinrich Himmler led the SS – the Nazi’s secret police Formed death squads known as the Einsatzgruppen One of the architects of the Holocaust and death camps

Adolf Eichmann helped to organize the Holocaust Was in charge of transporting Jews from ghettos to concentration camps

Passed in 1935 Said anyone with any Jewish blood would be considered a Jew Further restrictions were placed and persecution of the Jews increased.

Kristallnacht -“Night of Broken Glass” took place November 1938. Jewish stores, houses, and synagogues were systematically destroyed Marks the beginning of widespread government-led violence against Jews

Jews had to wear the Star of David badge everywhere the went Jewish Registry created where all people with Jewish ancestry had to register with the government Jews had to wear the Star of David badge everywhere the went Forced to live in isolated ghettos During World War II, the Germans concentrated urban and sometimes regional Jewish populations in ghettos. Living conditions were miserable. Ghettos were often enclosed districts that isolated Jews by separating Jewish communities from the non-Jewish population and from other Jewish communities. The Germans established at least 1,000 ghettos in German-occupied and annexed Poland and the Soviet Union alone. The vast majority of ghetto inhabitants died from disease or starvation, were shot, or were deported to killing centers

THE WARSAW GHETTO Survival was a daily challenge in the ghettos as inhabitants struggled for the bare necessities of food, sanitation, shelter, and clothing. The largest ghetto in Poland was the Warsaw ghetto. In Warsaw, more than 400,000 Jews were crowded into an area of 1.3 square miles.

Plan developed in 1942 to eliminate all Jews from Europe Jewish people from across Europe were taken by train to concentration camps or killed by mobile killing squads In the camps they were used for hard labor or killed in the gas chambers

THE Killing Squads About a quarter of all Jews who perished in the Holocaust were shot by SS mobile killing squads and police battalions following the German invasion of the Soviet Union in June 1941.

Deportation Between 1942 and 1944, trains carried Jews from German-controlled Europe into six killing centers located along rail lines in occupied Poland. Commonly between 80 and 100 people were crammed into railcars of this type. Deportation trains usually carried 1,000 to 2,000 people. Many people died during the journey

Many could better be classified as extermination camps - set up to kill a mass number of Jewish people Dr. Josef Mengele carried out experiments on Jewish people at Auschwitz

The 1st Concentration Camp © Students of History - http://www.teacherspayteachers.com/Store/Students-Of-History

Treblinka

Entrance to Auschwitz: Entrance to the infamous Auschwitz-Birkenau death camp which operated 4 gas chambers where 6,000 people were put to death each day by the Nazi regime. (Photo Credit: Philippe Giraud/Good Look/Corbis) History.com

Gate at Auschwitz: The phrase on the main entrance gateway to the Auschwitz camp of Auschwitz-Birkenau translates to "Work will make you free." Upon arrival, people were sorted based on their ability to work. All prisoners were forced to do manual labor. The wealthier, more educated were given the better jobs and had a higher chance of survival. (Photo Credit: Michael St. Maur Sheil/CORBIS) History.com

Arrival: Upon arrival, Jew were lined up, stripped of their possessions, and went through a selection process to see who would go into the camp or would be killed instantly. More than 80 per cent of those who arrived at Auschwitz-Birkenau were murdered at once

Buildings and Chimneys at Auschwitz-Birkenau : A view of barbed wire fences, buildings and chimneys at Auschwitz-Birkenau, the largest Nazi concentration camp and extermination camp in operation during World War II. (Photo Credit: Michael St. Maur Sheil/CORBIS) History.com

Bunks in Auschwitz Dormitory: This photo shows the interior of one of the dormitory houses at the Auschwitz concentration camp in Poland. (Photo Credit: Gianni Giansanti/Sygma/Corbis) History.com

Auschwitz Fences and Crematorium: Heavily guarded electric fences surround the concentration camp at Auschwitz, making escape nearly impossible. (Photo Credit: Paul Almasy/CORBIS) History.com

Gas Chamber at Auschwitz : This gas chamber was the largest room in Crematorium I at Auschwitz. The room was originally used as a mortuary but was converted in 1941 into a gas chamber where Soviet POWs and Jews were killed. (Photo Credit: Michael St. Maur Sheil/CORBIS) History.com

Cremation Oven Room at Auschwitz: The ovens at Auschwitz cremated the bodies of those who died in the camp. . An estimated 1,000,000 to 2,500,000 people were exterminated at the camp. A row of chimneys tops the crematorium, were bodies were burned  (Photo Credit: David Sutherland/Corbis) History.com

One Day In Auschwitz

Underground resistance movements were formed to assist Jews in escaping The residents of Le Chambon-sur-Lignon - a village in the south of France helped thousands of Jews escape to freedom Jewish children sheltered by the Protestant population of Le Chambon-sur-Lignon.

Warsaw Ghetto Uprising - April 19, 1943 750 Jews were able to hold off German soldiers to avoid being taken to the concentration camps Eventually lost the battle – 7,000 were killed and 56,000 were deported.

Nazi SS soldiers burning the Warsaw Ghetto after the uprising in 1943. © Students of History - http://www.teacherspayteachers.com/Store/Students-Of-History Nazi SS soldiers burning the Warsaw Ghetto after the uprising in 1943.

Nazi SS soldiers leading the deportation of all Jews from Warsaw after the uprising.

The “White Rose” resistance group distributed anti-Nazi pamphlets Led by students Sophie and Hans Scholl Caught by German authorities and killed in 1942

Allied forces reach camps starting in summer 1944 Soviet forces liberate Auschwitz and camps in Poland and Eastern Germany American forces liberate Buchenwald and camps in the west

© Students of History - http://www. teacherspayteachers

© Students of History - http://www. teacherspayteachers

As the war ended, many top Nazis committed suicide 22 major Nazi criminals were tried for their crimes in Nuremberg Most claimed to be “just following orders” 12 were sentenced to death Some escaped to South America where they hid for years