How Species Interact with Each Other Chapter 8; Section 2

Niche Role (job) of a specie within an ecosystem. A specie’s environment and all of its interactions with other organisms.

Symbiosis There are 5 major types. Symbiosis is when two species interact with each other.

1. Competition Different individuals or populations try to use the same resource (niche). Different species = overlapping niche Can be Indirect Competition

Niche Restrictions –Each specie uses less space than it can

2. Predation Predator – feeds on another animal Prey – animal that is eaten Can lead to adaptation Mimicry Porcupine quills camouflage

3. Parasitism Parasite lives in or on another organism AND feeds on it. Host is weakened Ticks, fleas, tapeworms

4. Mutualism Each specie provides a benefit to the other Bacteria in your intestines Lichen (algae & fungi)

5. Commensalism One specie is benefited and other is neither harmed nor helped Birds nesting in a tree Orchids growing on a tree

Symbiosis & Coevolution Coevolution occurs when two species live closely together (symbiosis) and evolve because of their interactions with each other. Flowers and their pollinators Cheetah and Gazelle

Make a chart Interaction Specie A Specie B Example Competition Does it benefit or is it harmed? Specie B Example Competition Predation Parasitism Mutualism Commensalism