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Section 1 People Far and Near Section 2 Understanding Culture Chapter Introduction Section 1 People Far and Near Section 2 Understanding Culture Section 3 Patterns in Today’s World Reading Review Chapter Assessment Contents

Chapter Objectives Describe the impact of technology on world affairs.  Explain what makes up a people’s culture.  Identify the different types of governments and economies.  Discuss issues related to human population. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Intro 1

Intro 2

Have you ever visited another country or another part of this country? Intro 3

How did this other place compare to your home How did this other place compare to your home? Were houses and clothing different? Did people speak a different language or eat different foods? Intro 4

How would you compare this other place–and the people who lived in it–to your community? Intro 5

What aspects of culture do you think link different cultures or societies? What aspects separate them? Intro 6

Culture includes many areas of life and it defines the difference between one community and another. Intro 7

End of Chapter Introduction

Guide to Reading Main Idea Modern technology has helped to bring the world’s diverse peoples closer together.  Terms to Know ethnic group  custom  minority group  majority group Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Section 1-1

Guide to Reading (cont.) Reading Strategy Create a diagram like the one on page 22 of your textbook. On the spokes list reasons the world may be getting smaller. Section 1-2

Guide to Reading (cont.) Section Objectives Describe how technology has changed the world.  Distinguish between ethnic groups, majority, and minority groups. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Section 1-3

Click the Speaker button to replay the audio. Section 1-4

Technology Shrinks the World With modern technology, the world’s people have been brought closer together.  By studying other people and countries, you will be able to see connections between the United States and the world around us. (pages 22–23) Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Section 1-5

Technology Shrinks the World (cont.) When the first telephone cable was laid along the bottom of the Atlantic Ocean in 1956, it could carry only 36 calls between Europe and North America at one time.  Forty years later, glass cables as fine as hairs were carrying 300,000 long-distance calls at once.  Inventions are changing the world and it is changing faster every year. (pages 22–23) Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Section 1-6

Technology Shrinks the World (cont.) The Internet is possible because of improved telephone cables, satellites, and computers. (pages 22–23) Section 1-7

Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. How do you become an informed member of the global village? You become an informed member of the global village by learning to understand and respect what makes each culture unique, and recognizing common experiences that link all people. (pages 22–23) Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Section 1-8

The World Next Door American communities include various groups of peoples called ethnic groups.  An ethnic group is a group of people who have a common origin, and share a language and a history.  Often ethnic groups are also minorities.  A minority group is a group of people whose culture, race, sex, or ethnic origin is different from most of the people in the region. (pages 23–25) Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Section 1-9

The World Next Door (cont.) Sometimes, but not always, the minority group is treated differently from the majority.  The majority is the group in society that controls most of the wealth and power; however, it is not always the largest group in numbers.  Schools are the place where most young people first meet people from other ethnic groups. (pages 23–25) Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Section 1-10

Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. What are three divisions between ethnic groups? Skin color, religious beliefs, and values are reasons for divisions between ethnic groups. (pages 23–25) Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Section 1-11

Click the Speaker button to replay the audio. (pages 23–25) Click the Speaker button to replay the audio. Section 1-12

Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answers. Defining Terms Define Match the terms on the right with their definitions on the left. __ 1. group of people who are different in some characteristic from the group with the most power and wealth in a region __ 2. group in society that controls most of the wealth and power, though not always the largest group in numbers __ 3. people who share a common culture, language, or history __ 4. practice handed down from the past C A. ethnic group B. custom C. minority group D. majority group D A B Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answers. Section 1-13

Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Recalling Facts Culture Explain the difference between a minority group and an ethnic group. An ethnic group shares an origin, language, or history while a minority group is different from those who hold most of the power. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Section 1-14

Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Recalling Facts (cont.) Place In what country was the group that controlled the wealth and power not the largest ethnic group? In South Africa the group that controlled the wealth and power was not the largest ethnic group. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Section 1-15

Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Recalling Facts (cont.) Technology In what way is technology shrinking the world? Give examples. Answers will vary. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Section 1-16

Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Critical Thinking Understanding Cause and Effect Why do you think minority groups are sometimes treated differently from the majority? Possible answer: Minority groups are sometimes treated differently because they look or sound different. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Section 1-17

Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Critical Thinking (cont.) Making Comparisons What do you think it means that some groups are divided by religious beliefs and values? Some people think their beliefs or values are superior and are unaccepting of the beliefs of others. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Section 1-18

Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Applying Social Studies Skills Interpreting Time Lines Look at the time line on page 23 of your textbook. During which century were most modern communication and modern transportation invented? Most modern communication and transportation were invented in the 20th century. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Section 1-19

Close Pose 10 questions you can ask others about their ethnicity. Then interview someone from an ethnic group different from your own. Section 1-20

End of Section 1

Guide to Reading Main Idea People all over the world usually live close to others who follow similar beliefs and like the same foods, music, and clothing. Section 2-1

Guide to Reading (cont.) Terms to Know social scientist  democracy  unlimited government  dictatorship  absolute monarchy  constitutional monarchy culture  ethnocentrism  cultural borrowing  cultural diffusion  limited government  Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Section 2-2

Guide to Reading (cont.) Reading Strategy Create a chart like the one on page 27 of your textbook. Fill in the spaces with specific examples of cultural borrowing and cultural diffusion. Section 2-3

Guide to Reading (cont.) Section Objectives Define what culture means.  Describe how and why cultures change.  Explain the different types of government and economic systems. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Section 2-4

Click the Speaker button to replay the audio. Section 2-5

The Social Sciences Social scientists organize information to help people understand the world around them.  Anthropologists study people and societies.  Sociologists study human behavior as it relates to groups of people.  Human geographers look at people and their environments.  Geographers organize facts about Earth’s surface and people. (pages 27–28) Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Section 2-6

Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. What are the two ways one social scientist says a person can be made to feel homeless and what does “home” mean in this case? There are two ways to make a person feel homeless–one is to destroy his home and the other is to make his home look and feel like everybody else’s home.” In this case, the “home” being talked about is actually a person’s culture. (pages 27–28) Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Section 2-7

What Is Culture? Culture is the way of life of people who share similar beliefs and customs.  The culture of a people also includes their government, food, music, literature, and the ways they make a living.  Judging other people in terms of one’s own culture and standards is called ethnocentrism. (pages 28–30) Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Section 2-8

What Is Culture? (cont.) Cultural borrowing is when one group of people adopts another group’s culture traits.  Cultural diffusion is how a culture spreads its knowledge and skills from one area to another.  Today, cultural diffusion occurs through radio, television, telephones, computers, and the Internet. (pages 28–30) Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Section 2-9

Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. How can ethnocentrism be both positive and negative? Many positive qualities, such as patriotism and taking pride in your nation’s history, are ethnocentric feelings. Jokes about certain races or religions are really just ethnocentric statements about a different group of people, and they are often negative. (pages 28–30) Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Section 2-10

Click the Speaker button to replay the audio. (pages 28–30) Click the Speaker button to replay the audio. Section 2-11

Important Lessons in History History is the story of the past.  History also tells how past conflicts influence the present.  Studying history can also teach us important lessons and can guide our behavior in the present. (pages 30–31) Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Section 2-12

Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. What is meant by the well-known saying, “Those who cannot remember the past are condemned to repeat it”? This means if we do not study our own history, we may end up making the same mistakes of earlier generations. (pages 30–31) Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Section 2-13

Government Is Necessary People need rules in order to live together without conflict.  In countries, rules are created by governments.  In a limited government, constitutions or other laws set limits on the power of government officials.  Democracy is a form of limited government. (page 31) Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Section 2-14

Government Is Necessary (cont.) In a representative democracy, people elect representatives who then make and enforce laws.  The United States is a representative democracy.  In an unlimited government, power belongs to the ruler or rulers.  Unlimited governments include dictatorships and absolute monarchies. (page 31) Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Section 2-15

Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. What is an example of a dictatorship and what is an example of an absolute monarchy? An example of a dictatorship is Saddam Hussein’s rule in Iraq. In an absolute monarchy, kings or queens are born into ruling families. Their power is inherited and unlimited. King Fahd ibn Abdul Aziz of Saudi Arabia is an absolute monarch. (page 31) Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Section 2-16

Balancing Our Wants and Needs The different ways people and nations go about meeting their daily needs are known as economic systems.  All economic systems are concerned with producing goods.  In a traditional economy, people meet their needs based on their customs. (page 32) Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Section 2-17

Balancing Our Wants and Need (cont.) Under a command economy, government makes all the decisions.  In a market economy, individuals determine for themselves what to produce, who will want it, how much to produce, and how much to charge.  Most nations have a mixed economy. (page 32) Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Section 2-18

Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. How is the United States a mixed economy? The United States prides itself on its market economy. However, the government may regulate prices or set rules, as in the airline industry and companies that provide gas and electricity. (page 32) Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Section 2-19

Differences in Development Countries differ in how much manufacturing and industry they have.  Industrialized countries hold 97 percent of all patents ownership (rights to inventions).  Countries that are working toward industrialization are called developing countries. (page 35) Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Section 2-20

Differences in Development (cont.) Many corporations from industrialized countries are now building plants in developing countries, having found a valuable “resource” in these places– people. (page 35) Section 2-21

Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. What are some issues faced by developing and industrialized nations? Increasing population, not enough jobs, poor schools, and lack of social and health services are problems in many developing countries. In more industrialized countries, leaders are looking at ways to clean up pollution, fight crime and drugs, and protect their economies. (page 35) Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Section 2-22

Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answers. Defining Terms Define Match the terms on the right with their definitions on the left. __ 1. government under the control of one all-powerful leader __ 2. type of government where, through law, some control is placed on leadership’s powers __ 3. way of life of a group of people who share similar beliefs and customs __ 4. when a group of people adopt another’s cultural traits __ 5. government in which a king or queen is the official head of state, but elected officials run the government D A. culture B. cultural borrowing C. limited government D. dictatorship E. constitutional monarchy C A B E Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answers. Section 2-23

Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Recalling Facts Culture What four groups of scientists study society? The four groups of scientist that study society are: anthropologists, sociologists, human geographers, and historians. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Section 2-24

Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Recalling Facts (cont.) Government People in the United States who call themselves Americans believe in certain political values. What are they? People of the United States believe in freedom of speech, free public education, and the right to practice a religion of their choosing. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Section 2-25

Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Recalling Facts (cont.) Culture What are the main agents of cultural diffusion today? The main agents of cultural diffusion today are the radio, television, telephones, computers, and the Internet. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Section 2-26

Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Critical Thinking Understanding Cause and Effect How does history shape a culture? History records a culture’s past, thereby explaining present circumstances and guiding present behavior. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Section 2-27

Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Critical Thinking (cont.) Making Comparisons Analyze two kinds of economic systems. Answers will vary. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Section 2-28

Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Applying Social Studies Skills Analyzing Charts Look at the Types of Industries chart on page 32 of your textbook. Choose your own example product and show how it would go through the different people. Answers will vary. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Section 2-29

Close Write a brief essay explaining each of the eight elements of culture. Section 2-30

End of Section 2

Guide to Reading Main Idea All over the world people are moving from one place to another looking for freedom, jobs, and a better life.  Terms to Know migrate  responsibilities  interdependence  globalization urbanization  refugee  rights  Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Section 3-1

Guide to Reading (cont.) Reading Strategy Create a chart like the one on page 34 of your textbook. List two regions under each that are experiencing conflict or cooperation at this time. Section 3-2

Guide to Reading (cont.) Section Objectives Describe migration patterns.  Explain the effects of population growth.  Discuss globalization. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Section 3-3

Click the Speaker button to replay the audio. Section 3-4

Human Migration Throughout the world, people migrate, or move, in great numbers.  When people leave villages and farms and move to cities, it is called urbanization.  The most common reason people move to cities is to find jobs.  Refugees are people who are forced to leave their homeland because of wars or unjust governments. (pages 34–35) Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Section 3-5

Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. What are some of the problems faced by refugees? Refugees often do not speak the language or know the customs of the people in their adopted countries. They usually must work at the lowest-paying jobs and often without benefits earned by other workers. (pages 34–35) Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Section 3-6

Click the Speaker button to replay the audio. (pages 34–35) Click the Speaker button to replay the audio. Section 3-7

Population Growth There has been a rapid increase in world population in recent years.  An increase in the number of people means that more food is needed.  Since 1950 world food production has increased faster than population on all continents except Africa.  Because so many people in Africa need food, bad weather or war can ruin crops and bring disaster. (page 35) Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Section 3-8

Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. What are some other problems of rapidly growing populations? Populations that grow rapidly may use resources more quickly than populations that do not grow as fast. Some countries face shortages of water and housing. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Section 3-9

Conflict and Cooperation As technology brings us closer together, nations are beginning to understand the importance of cooperation.  Disagreement over land is a common reason for conflict between groups and nations.  This is especially true when one culture has been displaced, or moved, by another culture. (page 36) Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Section 3-10

Conflict and Cooperation (cont.) Other conflicts are about religion, race, and politics.  When groups and nations cooperate, they work together to find peaceful solutions to problems. (page 36) Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Section 3-11

Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. What is an example of conflict between nations, and what are two examples of cooperation? The Israelis and Palestinians have been fighting over land for more than 50 years. The country-members of the European Community and the North American Free Trade Agreement [NAFTA] work together to benefit all members. (page 36) Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Section 3-12

Civic Participation Civic participation is being concerned with the public affairs of a community, state, nation, or the world.  In a democracy, rights are benefits and protections guaranteed to you by law.  In a democracy, responsibilities are duties that you owe to your fellow citizens to make sure that the government continues. (pages 36–37) Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Section 3-13

Civic Participation (cont.) In totalitarian governments, the people have no rights.  Their responsibilities are to obey the laws of the land. (pages 36–37) Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Section 3-14

Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. What are some examples of responsibilities in a democracy? A major responsibility of democratic citizenship is voting. You also have a responsibility to respect the property and privacy of others. (pages 36–37) Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Section 3-15

Globalization Interdependence is when countries depend on one another for goods, raw materials to make goods, and markets in which to sell goods.  The world is sometimes referred to as a “global village” because in a village, people depend on one another to provide what they need to live. (pages 37–38) Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Section 3-16

Globalization (cont.) Globalization is the development of a world culture and interdependent economy.  One danger of globalization is that it might erase traditions and customs of smaller groups. (pages 37–38) Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Section 3-17

Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. What is an important issue in the world today regarding globalization? An important issue regarding globalization is how small countries can use products and services of developing nations and still preserve local cultures and values. (pages 37–38) Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Section 3-18

Technology and World Issues Technology is a tool, and, like any other tool, it can be used both wisely and foolishly.  The Internet can help develop better citizens by providing information and easier ways to communicate.  Because progress, in many ways, is determined by technology, sharing technology has become an important issue. (page 38) Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Section 3-19

Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. What is a problem of developing countries in relation to technology? Developing countries complain that they do not have access to the information that technology provides. (page 38) Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Section 3-20

Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answers. Defining Terms Define Match the terms on the right with their definitions on the left. __ 1. duties owed by citizens to their government to make sure it can continue its functions __ 2. dependence of countries on one another for goods, raw materials to make goods, and markets in which to sell goods __ 3. to move from one place to another __ 4. development of a world culture and interdependent world economy __ 5. person who flees to another country to avoid persecution or disaster C A. migrate B. refugee C. responsibilities D. interdependence E. globalization D A E B Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answers. Section 3-21

Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Recalling Facts Place About how much of the world’s population lives in cities? About nearly half the world’s people live in cities. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Section 3-22

Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Recalling Facts (cont.) Movement What is the most common reason people move to cities? The most common reason people move to cities is to find jobs. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Section 3-23

Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Recalling Facts (cont.) Government What responsibilities do people in democracies have? People in democracies have the responsibility of voting, and respecting the property and privacy of others. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Section 3-24

Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Critical Thinking Synthesizing Information What products found in your classroom were made in other countries? Answers will vary. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Section 3-25

Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Critical Thinking (cont.) Understanding Cause and Effect How can conflict affect human migration? Wars or unjust governments can cause people to leave their homeland and migrate to other countries. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Section 3-26

Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Applying Social Studies Skills Understanding Citizenship Describe the civic participation expected of citizens of the United States. They should be aware of their rights and responsibilities. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Section 3-27

Close Write a summary that highlights the most important points of the section. Section 3-28

End of Section 3

Section 1: People Far and Near Main Idea Modern technology has helped to bring the world’s diverse peoples closer together.  Culture Our shrinking world makes it more likely that the people around us will represent other ethnic groups.  Culture It is important to understand what makes people similar and different so that we can get along in a world that is changing.  Place Schools are good places to build bridges between different peoples living in the same region. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Reading Review 1

Section 2: Understanding Culture Main Idea People all over the world usually live close to others who follow similar beliefs and like the same foods, music, and clothing.  Culture Anthropologists, sociologists, historians, and human geographers are all social scientists who study the interaction of people.  Culture Culture is the way of life of people who share similar beliefs and customs.  Culture Most people have pride in their ethnic group and prefer their own culture. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Reading Review 2

Section 2: Understanding Culture (cont.) Main Idea People all over the world usually live close to others who follow similar beliefs and like the same foods, music, and clothing.  Culture Culture is continually spreading around the world. It spreads in two main ways, through cultural diffusion and cultural borrowing.  History The story of a people’s past helps us to understand its present and possibly its future.  Government People need rules in order to live together. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Reading Review 3

Section 2: Understanding Culture (cont.) Main Idea People all over the world usually live close to others who follow similar beliefs and like the same foods, music, and clothing.  Economics People all over the world use natural resources to fill their wants and needs. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Reading Review 4

Section 3: Patterns in Today’s World Main Idea All over the world people are moving from one place to another looking for freedom, jobs, and a better life.  History Throughout the world people are continually moving toward a better life and away from conflict and poverty.  History As the world is getting smaller, people are living closer together and more conflicts are arising. People must learn to cooperate with each other. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Reading Review 5

Section 3: Patterns in Today’s World (cont.) Main Idea All over the world people are moving from one place to another looking for freedom, jobs, and a better life.  Region Americans living in the United States enjoy freedom and democracy. They have a civic responsibility to their government to make sure it continues.  Interdependence The movement of goods and services is helping to bring our world closer together. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Reading Review 6

End of Reading Review

Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answers. Define Match the terms on the right with their definitions on the left. __ 1. countries depending on one another __ 2. people moving from the country to the cities __ 3. duties that you owe to your government __ 4. how a country spreads its knowledge and skills __ 5. people believe their way of life is best J A. ethnic group B. minority group C. majority group D. culture E. ethnocentrism F. cultural diffusion G. rights H. responsibilities I. urbanization J. interdependence I H F E Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answers. Chapter Assessment 1

Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answers. Define Match the terms on the right with their definitions on the left. __ 6. way of life of people who share similar beliefs and customs __ 7. people who have a common origin __ 8. group of people whose culture, race, or ethnic origin is different from most of the people in the region __ 9. group in society that controls most of the wealth and power __ 10. benefits and protections guaranteed by law D A. ethnic group B. minority group C. majority group D. culture E. ethnocentrism F. cultural diffusion G. rights H. responsibilities I. urbanization J. interdependence A B C G Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answers. Chapter Assessment 2

Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Section 1 People Far and Near Culture In what way is the world shrinking? Technology is making it faster and easier to communicate with or travel to any place in the world. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Chapter Assessment 3

Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Section 1 People Far and Near Culture Why are schools good places to “build bridges” between ethnic groups? They are where most young people first meet people from other ethnic groups. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Chapter Assessment 4

Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Section 1 People Far and Near Culture List three traits that would be common to an ethnic group. Three traits common to an ethnic group are origin, language, and history. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Chapter Assessment 5

Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Section 2 Understanding Culture Culture If you wanted to study people, what type of scientist might you want to be? If you wanted to study people you would be a social scientist. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Chapter Assessment 6

Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Section 2 Understanding Culture Culture Give one example of cultural borrowing and one example of cultural diffusion. Examples will vary, but borrowing reflects how people adopt practices of another culture and diffusion is when one culture spreads its culture to another. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Chapter Assessment 7

Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Section 2 Understanding Culture Government Why do countries need governments? Governments create rules that make it possible for people to live together without conflict. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Chapter Assessment 8

Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Section 2 Understanding Culture Economics What is the difference between an industrialized country and a developing country? Industrialized countries do most of the world’s manufacturing. Developing countries do little manufacturing of their own but are currently working towards greater industrialization. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Chapter Assessment 9

Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Section 3 Patterns in Today’s World Place Why are so many people moving to cities? People move to cities to find jobs. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Chapter Assessment 10

Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Section 3 Patterns in Today’s World Region Name two places where there is conflict going on in the world today. Possible answers: Conflict occurs today in Israel, Rwanda, and some countries of eastern Europe. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Chapter Assessment 11

Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Section 3 Patterns in Today’s World Government Name one of the rights we have as citizens of the United States. Answers will vary. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Chapter Assessment 12

Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answers. Place Location Activity Match the letters on the map with the numbered places listed below. ___ 1. Latin America ___ 2. North Africa, Southwest Asia, and Central Asia ___ 3. Europe ___ 4. Russia ___ 5. East Asia ___ 6. United States and Canada ___ 7. Australia, Oceania, and Antarctica ___ 8. Africa south of the Sahara B H A C F D G E Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answers. Chapter Assessment 13

Directions: Study the graph below and answer the question on the following slide. Chapter Assessment 14

Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. 1. According to the graph, what is the combined value of the goods exported by the United States and Canada? A $1,005,900,000,000 B $1,005,900,000 C $1,005,900 D $1,005 Test-Taking Tip: In order to understand any type of graph, look carefully around the graph for keys that show how it is organized. On this bar graph, the numbers along the left side represent billions of dollars. Therefore, you need to multiply the number on the graph by 1,000,000,000 to get your answer. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Chapter Assessment 15

Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. In the past few decades, the number of people in the world has grown rapidly. Now more and more people live in cities. What are densely populated areas called? Densely populated areas are called urban areas. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Chapter Assessment 16

End of Chapter Assessment

Explore online information about the topics introduced in this chapter. Click on the Connect button to launch your browser and go to the Our World Today: People, Places, and Issues Web site. At this site, you will find interactive activities, current events information, and Web sites correlated with the chapters and units in the textbook. When you finish exploring, exit the browser program to return to this presentation. If you experience difficulty connecting to the Web site, manually launch your Web browser and go to http://owt.glencoe.com Geography Online

Chapter Maps and Charts World Culture Regions Charts Modern Inventions Types of Industries World Population Chapter Maps and Charts

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Cultural Kaleidoscope 2 Dialects are a local form of a language that differs from the main language. Americans might get confused in England, where sweaters are called “jumpers” and trucks are “lorries.” Cultural Kaleidoscope 2

Cultures have developed some unusual forms of money Cultures have developed some unusual forms of money. On the island of Yap, in the western Pacific, people use round slabs of stone that are up to 12 feet across. Why are the stones accepted as money? To get them, someone must travel about 320 miles to the island of Palau. The long trip makes the stones very valuable. Did You Know 2

Culture Cultural differences can be interesting but they can also cause misunderstandings. These can be avoided if we learn how cultures differ from our own. In these photos, Inuit greet with a nose rub, Japanese businessmen bow in meeting, and the French women kiss each other on the cheek. Exploring Culture 2

Click the Speaker button to replay the audio. Reading Thematic Maps Thematic (special purpose) maps focus on a single theme. This theme may be to show the battles of a particular war or locations of endangered species, for example. Click the Speaker button to replay the audio. Skill 1

Find the map’s scale to determine the general size of the area. Reading Thematic Maps Read the map title. It tells what kind of special information the map shows.  Find the map’s scale to determine the general size of the area. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Skill 2

Reading Thematic Maps Read the key. Colors and symbols in the map key are especially important on this type of map.  Analyze the areas on the map that are highlighted in the key. Look for patterns. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Skill 3

1. What is the title of the map? Reading Thematic Maps Practicing the Skill Look at the map below to answer the following questions.  1. What is the title of the map? The title of the map is Early Civilizations. 2. Read the key. What four civilizations are shown on this map? The Fertile Crescent, Ancient Egypt, Indus River Valley, and Shang Dynasty civilizations are shown. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Skill 4

Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answers. Reading Thematic Maps 3. Which civilization was farthest west? East? The Shang Dynasty was the civilization farthest to the east and Ancient Egypt was farthest to the west. 4. What do the locations of each of these civilizations have in common? All of these civilizations developed around rivers. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answers. Skill 5

Counting Heads How do we know there are more than 280 million people in the United States? Who counts the people? Every 10 years since 1790, the United States Census Bureau has counted heads in this country. Why and how do they do this?  Read the text on page 26 of your textbook and answer the questions on the following slides. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Click the Speaker button to replay the audio again. Making Connections 1

Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answers. Counting Heads 1. In what two ways were population data from the first census used? Population data was used to divide war expenses and to determine representation in Congress. 2. How has technology changed the way census data are collected and processed? Data is collected mostly through the mail rather than relying exclusively on door-to-door surveys. Instead of processing data by hand, it is now done by computers and results are posted on the Internet. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answers. Making Connections 2

Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Counting Heads 3. Drawing Conclusions Why do you think the national and state governments want information about people’s education and jobs? Possible answer: The national and state governments want information to help them make better plans about economic growth. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Making Connections 3

Daily Focus Transparency 1 Birthrates will exceed death rates in Africa and Latin America. This will not occur in Asia, Europe, North America, and Australia/Oceania. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Daily Focus Transparency 1

Daily Focus Transparency 2 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Daily Focus Transparency 2

Daily Focus Transparency 3 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Daily Focus Transparency 3

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