Eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells lab 1 Molecular Biology Eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells lab 1
Definitions of Eukaryotic and Prokaryotic cells A eukaryote is an organism whose cells contain a nucleus and other structures (organelles) enclosed within membranes for examples: plants, animals Prokaryote are group of organisms whose cells lack a membrane-bound nucleus . for examples: bacteria, .
Animal and plant cells
Difference between plant and animal cells Plant Cell Cell wall: Absent Present Shape: Round (irregular shape) Rectangular (fixed shape) Vacuole: One or more small vacuoles (much smaller than plant cells). One, large central vacuole taking up 90% of cell volume. Centrioles: Present in all animal cells Only present in lower plant forms. Chloroplast: Animal cells don't have chloroplasts Plant cells have chloroplasts because they make their own food Plastids: Plasma Membrane: only cell membrane cell wall and a cell membrane Nucleus:
A typical prokaryotic cell
Characteristics of Prokaryotes Prokaryotes are the simplest type of cell unicellular organisms. Do not have a nuclear membrane . Their circular shaped genetic material dispersed throughout cytoplasm. Do not have membrane-bound organelles . Prokaryotes have a simple internal structure. Prokaryotes are smaller in size when compared to Eukaryotes.
Comparison of features of Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic cells EUKARYOTES PROKARYOTES Algae, Fungi, Plants, and animal Bacteria, 1- Typical organism 10-100µm 1-10 µm 2- Typical size Linear Circular 3- DNA RNA synthesis inside the nucleus Protein synthesis in cytoplasm In cytoplasm 4- RNA and Protein synthesis Present Absent 5- Nucleus Present (less than prokaryotes) 6- Ribosomes One to several thousand 7- Mitochondria In algae and plants 8- Chloroplasts Single cells, colonies, higher multicellular organisms with specialized cells Usually single cells 9- organization Mitosis (fission or budding) Meiosis Binary fission (simple division) 10- Cell division
Shapes of Prokaryotes