SHOA

WARSAW GHETTO The Warsaw Ghetto was the largest Jewish ghetto in Europe established by Nazi Germany in Poland during the Holocaust in World War II.

IMAGENES On October 12, 1940, the Germans decreed the establishment of a ghetto in Warsaw. The ghetto was enclosed by a wall, topped with barbed wire, and closely guarded to prevent movement between the ghetto and the rest of Warsaw.  

Food allotments rationed to the ghetto were not sufficient to sustain life. In 1941 the average Jew in the ghetto subsisted on 1,125 calories a day. Between 1940 and mid-1942, 83,000 Jews died of starvation and disease. Widespread smuggling of food and medicines into the ghetto supplemented the miserable official allotments.

Then, there were mass deportations from the Warsaw ghetto to the Treblinka killing center. In January 1943, SS and police units returned to Warsaw, this time with the intent of deporting thousands of the remaining. There was a second operation for deporting more jewish, but some of then managed to resist.

The german units succeeded to deport 42 The german units succeeded to deport 42.000 jewish from the ghetto in a third operation. At least Some jewish could survive hiding themselves in the Aryan of Warsaw. The fight between the Polish army and the german units finished with the lives of more jewish. Finally, soviet troops liberated a devastated Warsaw. Only six percent of the prewar population survived.

Sabina´s story When Sabina was 14 years old, she and her family were kidnapped in their house. The Nazis moved her and her family to Warsaw, and they destroyed her town. In Warsaw, Sabina suffered from hunger, thirst, dirtiness for six years (14 to 20 years old).

Nelly´s story Cesanna, a survivor of the Holocaust, was invited to speak publicly, about her experience in the Warsaw ghetto in 1939. She spoke about the fear she felt, being 4 years old, as well as about hunger. She explained they had to hide constantly from the Nazis which were so fearful, because she didn’t know what was happening even if she was conscious about danger. On the other hand, it was not only that they didn’t have food, but there was not even milk for kids to be given.

The Nazis killed her family before Sabina´s eyes, and her father fell down dead in her arms. After that episode, Sabina saw 200 children were going to die in the ghettos. Sabina went to Argentina to start her life again, she studied kindergarten teacher, and married. Sabina started a new happy life with her family, but years later her husband died. Today Sabina has neither a family nor a house and she is alone, tzedaka helps her and other survivors of Shoa with money, house and food.

It was very difficult for them to escape from the big walls and barbed wires of the ghetto and from the German soldiers. They suffered typhus and malnutrition. They survived two times, being deported to somewhere else. A third time, caught by German police, they were sent to a train station to be deported, and again, they succeeded in avoiding this by walking slowly till the rest of the people filled the train before them which prevented them from being deported.

After that event, a son of hers who was disguised as a catholic and outside the Ghetto took them out of it. From then on, they worked, disguised as farm laborers, until the war ended and they were free again. Cesana, her mother and her brother, were the only ones who survived. The rest of the family was killed. .

Cesenna was the only survivor of the Ghetto of Warsaw in the area where the service was taking place. There were other survivors from different places and each of their stories were read by children in Beth El Temple. People were impressed at how cleverness plus some luck saved her life and her family’s

6to MEDIOS PRE FCE Teacher: Cynthia Mauas Students SHARON ESTERSON FLORENCIA FAINSTAIN SHARON SAYEH IAEL DUVA DUEK