Low-carbohydrate diets reduce lipid accumulation and arterial inflammation in guinea pigs fed a high-cholesterol diet  Jose O. Leite, Ryan DeOgburn, Joseph.

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Low-carbohydrate diets reduce lipid accumulation and arterial inflammation in guinea pigs fed a high-cholesterol diet  Jose O. Leite, Ryan DeOgburn, Joseph Ratliff, Randy Su, Joan A. Smyth, Jeff S. Volek, Mary M. McGrane, Alan Dardik, Maria Luz Fernandez  Atherosclerosis  Volume 209, Issue 2, Pages 442-448 (April 2010) DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2009.10.005 Copyright © 2009 Elsevier Ireland Ltd Terms and Conditions

Fig. 1 Correlations between total cholesterol (TC) and LDL cholesterol (panel A); LDL cholesterol (LDL-C) and HDL cholesterol (HDL-C) (panel B); VLDL cholesterol (VLDL-C) and triglycerides (TG) (panel C) and aortic total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol (LDL-C) (panel D). Atherosclerosis 2010 209, 442-448DOI: (10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2009.10.005) Copyright © 2009 Elsevier Ireland Ltd Terms and Conditions

Fig. 2 Oxidized LDL in plasma (panel A) and in aorta (panel B) for guinea pigs the LFD or LCD diets. Correlation between aortic concentrations of oxidized LDL and accumulation of cholesterol in aorta for LFD group (panel C) and LCD group (panel D). Atherosclerosis 2010 209, 442-448DOI: (10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2009.10.005) Copyright © 2009 Elsevier Ireland Ltd Terms and Conditions

Fig. 3 IHC for TNF-α of the aortic sinus of guinea pigs fed the LFD (panel A, 40× magnification, panel B 400× magnification) or LCD (panel C, 40× magnification, panel D 400× magnification). Atherosclerosis 2010 209, 442-448DOI: (10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2009.10.005) Copyright © 2009 Elsevier Ireland Ltd Terms and Conditions

Fig. 4 Hematoxylin and eosin staining of the aortic sinus of guinea pigs fed the LCD (panel A, 40× magnification, panel C 400× magnification) or LFD (panel B, 40× magnification, panel D 400× magnification). Arrows point to the lipid-laden cells. Atherosclerosis 2010 209, 442-448DOI: (10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2009.10.005) Copyright © 2009 Elsevier Ireland Ltd Terms and Conditions

Fig. 5 Image processing of the cholesterol staining of left carotid in both groups and quantification of the blue-green stain—LCD: left carotid at 400× magnification (panel A). LFD: left carotid at 400× magnification (panel B). The arrows point to the positive staining for cholesterol. Panel C: statistical analysis of the proportion of the positive blue-green staining to the arterial area in the picture of the left carotid. Atherosclerosis 2010 209, 442-448DOI: (10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2009.10.005) Copyright © 2009 Elsevier Ireland Ltd Terms and Conditions