Talk for ESDG Mott Laboratory Cambridge April 2015 Quantum Methods in Biological Bioluminescence Analysis and Interpretation. Shane Lawrence University of Cambridge and Sci-Tech(South) and Senstechse and CPFT.NHS.UK. Talk for ESDG Mott Laboratory Cambridge April 2015

Bioluminescence is a well established analytical method with new developments. Bioluminescence that is the showing of biological or clinical details by means of colour differentiation and intensity of certain areas under consideration is a well established technique which usually provides good results.In recent years and also very recently there have been new developments in techniques and especially analysis of bioluminescence results which require advanced methods such as some quantum method analysis. We shall attempt to present some principles of luminescence analysis and some of the principles of quantum methods and calculations as applied to this method.

Usual bioluminescence representations.

Usual interpretation of luminescence colours. Here we see the varied intensity of colours from red yellow green blue and purple.Usually the intensity and area covered of the picture reveals something of the nature of the biological description of the area that is size and intensity of lesion or tumour etc.

General Scintillation or ‘Cerenkov’ method.

Typical emission intensity curve. This method will produce a typical emmission intensity curve that is intensity v wavelength of particular emission. Here for example green is dominant which is typical of the common colouring of fluorescein.

Wavelength variations of emissions. We see here a typical emission with a peak of intensity at 350 – 375nm and 325 – 360nm.

Typical wavelength spectrums. Again here we see several almost overlaid identical curves with a peak at 340 – 360nm.The problem is the separation and identification of different properties of such overlaid spectrum.

The need to improve the method of analysis of spectra. When it comes to identifying emissions and separating wavelengths from such samples as these at 20 – 30 -40nm sizes we need a better method of analysis.

With digitisation are all results still Gaussian distribution graphically? We see from recent work in Switzerland that even with digitisation (blurred image) that the results do not always come out as Gaussian graphically and when broken down into counts v deposited energy (MeV) we see again overlaid curves that need to be distinguished.

Again digitisation of results means a better method of analysis is required. Here again from Switzerland (blurred image) we see the need to have an advanced or refined method for distinguishing results and curves that are far from Gaussian and also if we choose black and white,not colour, the differentials.

Use of data to advantage 1

Use of data advantage 2

Cobalt and copper waveforms

Copper – Nickel combinations

Cobalt – Nickel

Experimental results on Ni2+ combination wavelengths

Derivations of ligand field for octahedral symmetry

Matrix processing of change in Ni2+

Basic Orgel diagram 1

Basic Orgel diagram principles

Orgel diagrams high spin complexes.

Orgel diagram for octahedral metal complexes

Orgel diagram of octahedral Ni2+ complexes

Optical intensity derivations.

Coupling coefficients for Octahedral Group.

Optimum Optical Intensities Definitions

Glycinate, dipyrydyl ,phenanthroline complexes for colours

Glycinate,dipyrydyl,phenanthroline complexes with transition metals.

Development of ideal colour wavelength analysis 1

Development of ideal colour wavelength analysis 2

Development of ideal colour wavelength analysis 3

Development of ideal colour wavelength analysis 4

Development of ideal colour wavelength analysis 5

Significance of Glyoximes.

Thiocyanate,Ethylenediaminetetraacetate,Tris(glycinate) wavelength ranges.

Optimum Ni2+ combinations – Thiocyanates, Ethylenediaminetetraacetate, Tris(glycinates)

Further applications eg cranial lesions.

Further applications eg cranial tumours

Further applications eg sinovial fracture analysis

Acknowledgements