Large group of ecosystems that share the same type of climax community Biomes Large group of ecosystems that share the same type of climax community

Aquatic Biomes Marine Biomes Freshwater Biomes Estuaries

Marine Biomes Photic Zones Aphotic zone Shallow enough for sunlight to penetrate Bays, rocky shores, sandy beaches, and mudflats Aphotic zone Never receives sunlight Least explored

Estuaries Partially surrounded by land Freshwater and salt water mix Amount of Salt (salinity) depends on tide Amount of freshwater depends on river Grasses can grow thick forming a tangled mad that traps food material and provides habitat for developing animals

Freshwater Biomes Lakes Ponds Streams Rivers Different areas in the lake provided different habitats depending on sun exposure Ponds Streams Rivers

Aquatic Biomes Marine Estuaries Freshwater Photic zone, intertidal Aphotic Zone Estuaries Freshwater Lakes, ponds Rivers, streams Wetland

Terrestrial Biomes

Tundra Long summer days Short winter light Permafrost Mosquitoes & black flies Small animals

Taiga Trees (fir, hemlock, spruce and larch) More larger animals

Desert Less than 25 cm Precipitation Many animals forage at night

Grassland Rich Soil Few trees Breadbaskets of the world

Temperate Forest Temperate or deciduous Broad leaf trees

Rainforest Warm Wet Grow year round

Tropical Rainforest Temperate Forest Taiga

Desert Grassland Tundra

Temperate Grassland Moisture: 25-75 cm annually Temperature: Hot summers Cold winters Vegetation: rich Soil, grasses, few trees Animals: herds of grazing animals, bison, deer, elk Also jack rabbits and prairie dogs

Biome Distribution around the world

Interpret the following graph…

Next…… Primary and Secondary Succession

Succession The gradual supplanting of one community of plants/animals by another.

Primary Succession Takes place on land where there are no living organisms. Examples: lava flowing from a volcano, a tsunami, glaciers

Example of Primary and Secondary

Primary Succession In Action http://www.restoringearth.co.uk/education/science/geography/ecology/succession/succession.shtm

Ecological Succession at Glacier Bay

Secondary Succession Sequence of changes that take place after an existing community is severely disrupted in some way. Occurs in areas that already contain life and on land that contains soil. Ex. Fire Fire Several years after fire

Secondary Succession In Action http://www.restoringearth.co.uk/education/science/geography/ecology/succession/succession.shtm

Lake Succession

Climax Community Stable, mature community that has little or no change.

Climax forest begins with a disturbance such as a fire…

Q1 A certain tropical tree has a fruit that is eaten by only one species of bats. As the bat digests the fruit, the seeds are made ready to sprout. When the bat excretes the wastes of the fruit, it drops seeds in new locations. Which of the following is the correct term for the relationship between the bat and the tree? A. predation B. mutualism C. competition D. commensalism

Q2 Which of the following is a parasite? a. a lion hunting a zebra b. a deer grazing on grass c. a tick sucking blood from a dog d. a snake swallowing a bird’s egg

Q3 What can you infer about the number of species on each of these islands? a. Island A has more species. b. Island B has more species. c. Island A and Island B will have the same number of species. d. Both islands will have fewer species than islands that are located farther north.

Q4 Q5 predator : prey :: herbivore : A. carnivore B. plant C. parasite D. predation What are the biomes of NE OK? Temperate Grasslands Deciduous Forest

Q6 The graph shows the relative temperature, precipitation, and soil nutrient content in a specific biome. Which of the following biomes is best represented by this graph? A. tundra B. desert C. tropical rainforest D. temperate grassland

Q7 Which of the following biomes are correctly paired? a. I only Savanna: dry, warm, succulents Temperate Grasslands: tall grasses, seasonal, arid Temperate Deciduous trees: broad-leaf trees, seasonal a. I only b. I and II c. III only d. II and III e. I, II, and III

Q8 Q9 small or microscopic organisms that make up the base of aquatic webs plankton intimate relationship between species symbiosis

Q10 Q11 pioneer species in primary succession Lichen (remember that fungus/algae symbiant?) pioneer species in secondary succession Grasses

Q12 Q13 Name 2 ways that bare rock can be converted into soil. Lichen Erosion Name 3 events that could initiate secondary succession. Fire Construction Flood—major EF 4 or 5 tornado

A Q14 B What is the proper order of succession? AEBDC D C E

Q15 What are the names of the four oceans? Artic Pacific Atlantic Indian