Experiences on SLM and Climate Resilience Regional Programme for Sustainable Use of Natural Resources in Central Asia Experiences on SLM and Climate Resilience World Bank working group meeting CAMP4ASB Almaty, January 27 2016 Title?

Content Background information on the Regional Programme on Sustainable Use of Natural Resources in Central Asia Experiences of 10 years of support to regional cooperation in SLM and climate resilience

Regional Program and Spin-offs BMZ Regional Programme on Sustainable Use of Natural Resources in Central Asia (2006-2016) EU FLERMONECA Project – Biodiversity and Forestry Governance, including Environmental Monitoring (2013-2015) Regional Programme on climate sensitive sustainable land use for economic development in Central Asia (2016-2019) BMUB IKI Regional Project on Ecosystem-based Adaptation in High Mountain Regions of Central Asia (2015-2019) BMZ EKF Project Biodiversity Preservation and Poverty Alleviation in the Walnut Forests of Southern KG (2014-2018) BMZ EKF Project Adaptation to Climate Change through Sustainable Forest Management in TJK (2014-2018) … Cim bus LOGOS of EU FLERMONECA, BMZ and BMUB

kathrin.uhlemann@giz.de / gulbahar.abdurasulova@giz.de grigoriy.samoylov@giz.de stepan.uncovsky@giz.de lira.joldubaeva@giz.de sulaiman.berdikeev@giz.de dana.yermolyonok@giz.de nicole.wegner@giz.de andre.fabian@giz.de /lira.joldubaeva@giz.de grigoriy.samoylov@giz.de lira.joldubaeva@giz.de umed.vahobov@giz.de kathrin.uhlemann@giz.de akmaral.imankulova@giz.de kathrin.uhlemann@giz.de grigoriy.samoylov@giz.de kathrin.uhlemann@giz.de kathrin.uhlemann@giz.de andre.fabian@giz.de No detailed explanation, just showing the manifold activities and projects under the network of the Regional Programme! kathrin.uhlemann@giz.de andre.fabian@giz.de kathrin.uhlemann@giz.de andre.fabian@giz.de andre.fabian@giz.de andre.fabian@giz.de andre.fabian@giz.de andre.fabian@giz.de andre.fabian@giz.de

Regional Program and Spin-offs Selected Thematic Areas: Sustainable Participatory Forest Management Sustainable Wildlife Management Sustainable Pasture Management Adaptation to Climate Change Value chains and marketing of products from sustainable management of natural resources Economics of the Environment Knowledge Management for SLM and Climate Resilience (K-LINK)

Key messages Capacity development is key for climate resilient SLM and development – the learning cycle approach Regional learning and networking is of benefit for national reform processes – the example of the regional sustainable pasture management network Economic arguments for SLM create strong new alliances – the example of the Central Asian initiative on Economics of Land Degradation (ELD) A flexible facilitation of multi-stakeholder, multi-level dialogue processes is an important success factor– the example of piloting the forest sector reform in KG “Heating up the system“ and strategic communication is key for mainstreaming climate resilience into different sectors – the example of developing an adaptation strategy in KAZ Structured along of key messages – not along of activities After an introduction of the fields of activities of the program -- >discussion of some key messages  linking them with experiences Experiences and lessons learnt in the cooperation with CAMP4ASB

Key messages Ecosystem-based adaptation is a priority element of overall adaptation strategies – the example of KG and TJK Climate resilience needs functioning (climate) information services – the example of statistical data workflow improvement in KG Own climate finance readiness capacities are crucial for adaptation and mitigation in the region – the example of CF Readiness in TJK Adapted State-of-the-Art Knowledge Management solutions are the backbone of learning and innovation processes for climate resilience – the example of the K-Link/K-DMS initiative Structured along of key messages – not along of activities After an introduction of the fields of activities of the program -- >discussion of some key messages  linking them with experiences Experiences and lessons learnt in the cooperation with CAMP4ASB

1. Information gathering 1) Capacity development is key for climate resilient SLM and development 1. Information gathering 2. Policy formulation 3. Implementation 4. Evaluation Classical policy cycle

1) Capacity development is key for climate resilient SLM and development 3. Modernization of institutional and regulatory framework 4. Up-scaling / outscaling 1. Generation of best practices in close cooperation with local beneficiaries 2. Involvement of local state structures Learning cycle

Three Levels of Capacity Development 1) Capacity development is key for climate resilient SLM and development Three Levels of Capacity Development Society Organi-zation Individual Figure: The approach of Capacity Development refers to capacity developing measures at three levels: The level of the individual, the organization or institution and the society.

1) Capacity development is key for climate resilient SLM and development Experiences Elaborating and constant updating of a capacity development strategy Encompassing all 3 levels of Capacity Development Long term presence of project staff (national personnel, long term consultants, integrated experts) Involving local service providers (NGOs, consulting companies, academics, national and regional partner institutions) Grounding policy advice through piloting (Multi-level approach) Coaching (e.g. coaching for the climate negotiations)

2) Regional learning and networking is of benefit for national reform processes Practioner‘s Conference on Advancement of Sustainable Pasture Management in Central Asia  Facilitation of cooperation and exchange btw. countries, and national state and non-State organizations  Establishment of longterm networking mechanisms in a community of practice (regional pasture network)

2) Regional learning and networking is of benefit for national reform processes Experiences: Regional cooperation can work without heavy organizational structures Flexible thematic cooperation in different networks is efficient A multi-level approach is an important success factor (exposure visits are effective) Investing in process facilitation pays Using windows of opportunity and being open to innovative pathways are a pre-requisite for positive change Integrative land management (pasture, forests and wildlife habitats) under changing climate is the challenge to be tackled

3) Economic arguments for SLM create new alliances Economics of Land Degradation: Envisages to transform the global understanding of the economic value of land based on market and non- market values Provides economic arguments to ‘translate’ complex environmental messages for planners and decision makers Involves powerful State institutions, including Ministry of Economy, Ministry of Finances Illustrates costs of action vs. costs of non-action

3) Economic arguments for SLM create new alliances Results of the studies in five Central Asian countries: Important ecosystem services and pressures on them identified; Alternative land use measures and their economical effectiveness tested Cost-benefit-analysis  political dialogue Kyrgyzstan: high-mountain pastures Tadjikistan: foot-hill pastures Uzbekistan: irrigated agriculture Kazakhstan: forest Turkmenistan: low-land pastures

3) Economic arguments for SLM create new alliances Experiences: Intensive stakeholder engagement from the very beginning and collaboration with the partners during the process. Investing in steering and facilitation of political communication Capacity building for partners and experts for this new topic combining knowledge in economics and environmental science

4) A flexible facilitation of multi-stakeholder, multi-level dialogue processes is an important success factor Piloting of the forestry sector reform in KG Objective: gradual transition to innovative and adapted principles of management of forests in order to stimulate the sustainable use of available resources with the participation of local communities, taking into account expected climate change impacts Practical testing of appropriate mechanism for a forestry sector reform 6 pilot leskhozes Local participatory forest management concils National Coordination and consultative council Last sector not reformed yet – mistrust after a series of attempts to reform

4) A flexible facilitation of multi stakeholder, multi-level dialogue processes is an important success factor Experiences: Identifying and involving innovators / forerunners from the very beginning Investing in trust building and enabling the partners in establishing an “honest broker“ Establishing feedback mechanism between the different levels Being integrative involving also other types of land use Being open at any stage of the process and actively communicate transperancy Investing in ownership of partners and coordination and cooperation between technical cooperation and financial cooperation organizations (e.g. WB, FAO, GIZ)

5) “Heating up the system” and strategic communication are key for mainstreaming climate resilience into different sectors Adaptation in Kazakhstan: Adaptation in Kazakhstan so far not prioritized. Low awareness on the cross sectoral economic impacts. Predominant perception that adaptation only concerns agriculture unclear responsibilities in the State No adaptation strategy. Adaptation is not mentioned in INDC. No involvement of Ministry of National Economy or Ministry of Finance.  Need for comprehensive strategic communication

5) “Heating up the system” and strategic communication are key for mainstreaming climate resilience into different sectors Experiences: Strategic communication needs a broad alliance of partners  joint communication of key messages 10 Step KAP approach Using umbrella processes e.g. Green Economy Targeting at all levels using all possible channels Bus… journalist tours… leadership training…

6) Ecosystem-based adaptation is a priority element of overall adaptation strategies Ecosystem-based Adaptation (EbA): Helping people to adapt to climate change by using nature. German IKI project on EbA regional project in High Mountain areas of Central Asia Operationalizing EbA for CA (Methodology development) Policy dialgogue for mainstreaming EbA is an approach of using biodiversity and ecosystem services to be part of an overall strategy to help people adapt to the adverse effects of climate change. Methodology development: to make available innovative and cost-efficient approaches and strategies for implementing EbA in the high mountain regions of CA Policy dialogue: to systematically anchor EbA-methodology in the climate-related policies and strategic planning of the countries and relevant international development partners

6) Ecosystem-based adaptation is a priority element of overall adaptation strategies Piloting of EbA in small watersheds Multiplication strategies Capacity Development – local level – national level Integration of EbA in National and donor policies EbA is an approach of using biodiversity and ecosystem services to be part of an overall strategy to help people adapt to the adverse effects of climate change. Methodology development: to make available innovative and cost-efficient approaches and strategies for implementing EbA in the high mountain regions of CA Policy dialogue: to systematically anchor EbA-methodology in the climate-related policies and strategic planning of the countries and relevant international development partners

6) Ecosystem-based adaptation is a priority element of overall adaptation strategies Experiences Need for raising awareness about the EbA concept EbA needs a new thinking: Establishment of innovative learning and cooperation mechanisms is key for EbA EbA is a process not a project (constant decision making to increase possible options) Early engagement with national and development partners on up-scaling of pilot experiences joint development of the pilot Early involvement of private sector for implementation and dissemination of EbA Lack of locally applicable climate data and its analysis for making climate informed decisions  need for technical and human capacity development Insufficient availability of reliable socio-economic data at community level Constraints based on experience:

7) Climate resilience needs functioning (climate) information services Strategic cooperation with National Statistical Commitee in KG: To improve cooperation between institutions on reliable data provision for climate informed decision making (SAEPH, Hydromet, Ministry of Economy, Ministry of Agriculture etc.) Analysis of workflow of selected data sets, relevant for climate change adaptation Planning of pilot activities adressing: quality of data collection, data processing (including technology dimension), capacity development as well as institutional and financial sustainability (business model)

7) Climate resilience needs functioning (climate) information services Experiences: Starting with analyzing and evaluating of existing infrastructure in each country (data availability and quality, transparency of data production processes, in-country capacities, use of international standards for exchange, etc.) Building up and linking existing institutions, infrastructure and processes, rather than starting to build new from the scratch Using the mandate of Statistical Committees as focal points for collection and analyses of transversal data (environment, demography, economy, living standard, investments etc.)

8) Own climate finance readiness capacities are crucial for adaptation and mitigation in the region Climate Finance Readiness Program (TJ) Objective: Improve the conditions needed to achieve results-oriented, transformational and efficient use of funds from international climate financing – in particular from the GCF. Implementers: GIZ and KfW (German Development Bank) 12 Partner countries including Tajikistan: Institutional strengthening of National Designated Authority (NDA) support Support on developing a Strategic Framework Green Climate Fund knowledge exchange through regional information and experience sharing

8) Own climate finance readiness capacities are crucial for adaptation and mitigation in the region Experiences Building on in-country experience – PPCR example in TJ Intensive in-country coordination – with all relevant ministries and other donors (“country’s ownership”) Be flexible – developments in climate finance (e.g. in the GCF) are dynamic and sometimes difficult for countries to keep track; disseminate latest information to countries; learn from experiences Capacity building to existing regional executing entities – accreditation process of a national/ regional entity may likely take time

the example of the K-Link/K-DMS initiative… 9) Adapted State-of-the-Art Knowledge Management solutions are the backbone of learning and innovation processes for climate resilience the example of the K-Link/K-DMS initiative…

Key messages Capacity development is key for climate resilient SLM and development Regional learning and networking is of benefit for national reform processes Economic arguments for SLM create strong new alliances A flexible facilitation of multi-stakeholder, multi-level dialogue processes is an important success factor “Heating up the system“ and strategic communication is key for mainstreaming climate resilience into different sectorsEcosystem-based adaptation is a priority element of overall adaptation strategies Climate resilience needs functioning (climate) information services Own climate finance readiness capacities are crucial for adaptation and mitigation in the region Adapted State-of-the-Art Knowledge Management solutions are the backbone of learning and innovation processes for climate resilience